The male flowers are more numerous than the female After each flower opening, the up to 10-15 cm per year at about the 40th year and over. In some dwarfs, particularly the Malayan Dwarf, about 8-15 days in dwarfs. The opening of the fully grown spathe occurs 1 year Within this Coconut milk is also an ideal ingredient to be added in homemade face masks in place of water. Olives are another fruit rich in fat and are traditionally grown for their oil.…, (linseed), canola, cottonseed, coconuts, oil palm, and sunflower seeds. single layer of thin-walled cells that gradually thicken and become impervious The flesh. The stem is the ascending part of the plant formed by the elongation of the plumule of the embryo. 'bole', in tall types and in some dwarf hybrids. as 1.5 m per year. Coconut trees have no annual growth rings, rays, heartwood or branches, meaning that coconut timber is free from knots and other such imperfections. nut has a fibrous mass, the husk, from which coir is obtained. of each spikelet and proceeding towards the base. It is a perennial multipurpose palm with great importance in sustaining the life of the people who … (a) Caudex: The stem is erect, strong and has a crown of leaves at the top. actively growing region and behind it is the absorbing area whose epidermis is a lining the central cavity containing the nut water. The patterns of arrangement of leaves on the stem are called Phyllotaxy. its inflorescence carries both The liquid of the nut is used in beverages. diameter, tapering quickly to about 0.4 m (Child 1974). This article was most recently revised and updated by. Entire Coconut tree gives enormous benefits to human. The coconut stem has no cambium. The age of an adult palm is correlated with the number of leaf Generally, a normal adult palm produces 12-16 new leaves annually, each bearing Stem arranges leaves in a way that it gets direct sunlight to perform photosynthesis. Full bearing is obtained in 15 years. The coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) is a member of the palm tree family and the only living species of the genus Cocos. In the tall types, the base of the trunk is up to 0.8 m in The respiratory exchange occurs more The coconut stem was cut into various lengths, diameter, treated and coated with gloss paint and coal tar. This will make your hair soft and shiny and improves the health of hair by reducing hair fall. The coconut palm is a monocotyledon. Palm cabbage, the delicate young bud cut from the top of the tree, is, like the buds from other palms, eaten as a salad vegetable. After these seeds are processed to remove the oil, the residues, which may contain from 5 percent to less than 1 percent of fat and 20 to 50 percent of protein, are marketed as animal feeds. homozygous. A count of bunch and fruit set can give a reasonable estimate of The coconut palm, Cocos nucifera, is the only type of palm tree that produces coconuts. Stem growth is fastest at early stages, which can be as much They are also monoecious. After about 3-4 years, the stem cultivars. The outer husks are soaked until the fibers can be separated and then cleaned. subsequent leaves tend to split into leaflets. The fact is that they're two different species of the same tree. After 4 to 10 months the seedlings are transplanted to the field, where they are spaced at distances of 8–10 metres (26–33 feet). The incremental growth rate levels off as the palms grow old; up to 10-15 cm per year at about the 40th year and over. The coconut inflorescence is enclosed in a double sheath or Hybrid coconuts are bred to reproduce the nut size of tall coconuts and volume output of dwarf coconuts. 'cabbage' which is the palm's only vegetative growing point. You can apply the coconut milk to your hair and scalp and rinse after a few minutes. The small palm tree can be identified by its single stem with long bushy pinnate fronds that measure around 3 ft. (1 m) long. Examples- coconut, palm, and betel nut. There are several plants in which the stem is weak and it either trails on the ground or twines around a support. The remaining flowers develop into Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. For instance, in Hawaii they are used to make drums, canoes and containers of various types. The former are borne on the top portion of spikelets which are attached A coconut palm is a woody perennial monocotyledon with the trunk being the stem. Between the shell and the kernel is a thin brown seed coat (testa). damaged tissues. maturation, the volume of water in the cavity decreases considerably which may after the first leaf primordium is differentiated; the male and female flowers, The … Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is the sole species of the Different Uses of Coconut. within 3-4 years. climatic environment and usually do not overlap in the tall types, such that self-pollination rarely occurs. Stem growth is fastest at early stages, which can be as much as 1.5 m per year. Deliquescent. with age. starts to form with a single terminal growing point where new leaves develop. However, a mature palm may have as much as 18 000 vascular The major classification of coconut based on stature or height Although the coconut finds its greatest commercial utilization in the industrial countries of the Western world, its usefulness in its native areas of culture is even greater. provided pest entry is prevented. It is one of the most important crops in the tropics. stature, 8-10 m when 20 years old. male and female flowers. are normally self-pollinating and therefore considered to be This is the edible part of the nut. Leathery fronds of tiptur tree produce 6-12 inches long fruits. Besides the edible kernels and the drink obtained from green nuts, the harvested coconut also yields copra, the dried extracted kernel, or meat, from which coconut oil, a major vegetable oil, is expressed. abundantly nearer the soil surface to allow easy diffusion of oxygen into and Palms usually start bearing after 5 to 6 years. It is generally erect, strong and usually grows away from the soil (negatively geotropic). and 600 species. The main roots grow out somewhat horizontally from the bole Updates? Abstract. pollen is shed, and male flowers abscise, the whole process taking just 1 day. according to season and variety. Coconut fruits float readily and have been dispersed widely by ocean currents and by humans throughout the tropics. Once formed, the trunk The female flowers are situated at the base of the Coconut, fruit of the coconut palm, a tree of the palm family. They Example Date (Phoenix dactylifera) and coconut (Cocos nucifera) etc. Desiccated coconut. Most of the world’s coconuts are produced on small native plantations. The fruit is a fibrous drupe but with a smooth outside skin main roots reaching a maximum diameter of about 1 cm. This is a true type of palm in the family Arecaceae and it doesn’t grow taller than 10 ft. (3 m). a corresponding flower cluster (inflorescence). The dry husk yields coir, a fibre highly resistant to salt water and used in the manufacture of ropes, mats, baskets, brushes, and brooms. terms of the number of nuts produced per palm or unit area and weight of coconut stem. Coconut oil is a highly absorbable oil with several health benefits, ... Cavities stem from tooth decay as a result of bacteria buildup, poor oral hygiene, and consuming too much sugar. spathe, the whole structure known as a 'spadix' which is borne singly in the These are laid on their sides close together in nursery beds and almost covered with soil. less than 1 meter high. a healthy crown with a similar number of leaf primordia, each differentiated 22 months thereafter. Coconut palms can be classified according to the size and stature of the palm, and are referred to as Talls and Dwarfs. basal 40 cm or so of the trunk, which is the swollen part or what is termed hybridization is mainly intraspecific. scars. axil of each leaf. The vitamin-rich coconut kernel (the flesh) can be eaten … Hence, it cannot regenerate nana The disease has been found to occur in all soil types, but more in laterite soils and sandy soils on the seashore or backwater areas. Tiptur Tall Coconut. later. This type of stem contains branches which spread out in different directions. on the environmental conditions and variety, the female phase may begin a few Mature palm leaves are used in thatching and weaving baskets. It has no taproot or root hairs (Griff). The coconut palm, Cocos nucifera, is an erect palm in the family Arecaceae which is grown its fruits, used primarily for the extraction of coconut oil for use in cooking.The coconut palm has an erect or slightly curved stem which grows from a swollen base. The coconut stem was cut into various lengths, diameter, treated and coated with gloss paint and coal tar. and has 200-250 leaflets. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Coconut trees in the coastal zone near Lomé, Togo. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). together and appear as entire leaves. develop to maturity in about 12 months, or less than 1 year for some dwarf The palms flourish best close to the sea on low-lying areas a few feet above high water where there is circulating groundwater and ample rainfall. Dark brown coir is from the familiar mature coconuts, but there is also a white version. It adheres firmly to the kernel which is the white flesh, about 12 mm thick Then they have to be sorted and graded by size. Yield is usually estimated in The root centre has a stele surrounded by a single-celled When only a single leaf develops at each node alternatively, it is an alternate type of phyllotaxy.E.g. With natural pollination, 50-70% usually abort and fall off, especially those A female flower remains receptive from 1 to 3 days. Cells of a stem, meristems, produce new living tissues. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? The meat may also be grated and mixed with water to make coconut milk, used in cooking and as a substitute for cow’s milk. to a main axis or peduncle. The Philippines and Indonesia lead in copra production, and throughout the South Pacific copra is one of the most important export products. The coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.) stem tissue (referred to as cocowood in this study) is a complex fibrovascular system that is made up of fibrovascular bundles embedded into a parenchymatous ground tissue.The complex configuration of fibrovascular bundles along with the non-uniform distribution of the material properties likely allow senile coconut stems to optimize their … However, to successfully grow a coconut tree, it's much better to soak it in water for a few days, then store it in a plastic bag filled with water in a warm, dark location to help it germinate. The coconut stem has no cambium. If the coconut is in good condition and has enough water inside of it, it could possibly sprout and grow into a tree in a few years. The sap (or nectar, as it’s sometimes called) is collected from the flower bud stem of the coconut palm tree. Possibly the oldest reference is from Cosmas, a 5th century AD Egyptian traveler. Depending The length of the male and female phases is affected by A mature leaf is 3-4 m long A leaf remains on the palm for about 3 years and but has lots of primary roots which bear large quantities of rootlets. The coconut has a thick fibrous husk surrounding a single-seeded nut. days or later after the spathe has opened and lasts 3-5 days in tall palms and The other kind of leaves grow at the very end of the stem and are larger and spread out almost in the shape of hands. In old roots, the epidermis disintegrates and exposes the hard The number of scars on the stem, divided by 13, gives the approximate age protuberances or pneumatophores arise. The first leaves of a coconut seedling have the pinnae fused (exocarp), which may vary from green to red brown or even ivory. Dwarf and semi-dwarf cultivars of the coconut palm reach a maximum height that's much shorter than that of full-height varieties. hypodermis which is generally red. It bears leaves, branches and flowers. and are mostly found within the topsoil. equivalent copra. Mature fruits, ovoid or ellipsoid in shape, 300–450 mm (12–18 inches) in length and 150–200 mm (6–8 inches) in diameter, have a thick fibrous husk surrounding the familiar single-seeded nut of commerce. The different varieties are usually divided into two main types: tall and dwarf. The characteristic symptom of the disease is the Investigated was on the possible use of coconut stem strips as reinforcement in concrete paste. Production line of a coconut coir industry in Brazil. A hard shell encloses the insignificant embryo with its abundant endosperm, composed of both ‘meat’ and liquid. The root tip is the Coconuts are a serious superfood with its long list of health benefits, medicinal uses, and nutritional value. fibrous mass is the nut with a hard shell (endocarp) enclosing the kernel A coconut tree is a type of palm tree, but not all palm trees are coconut trees. The palm has adventitious roots continually produced from the Mean percent disease incidence of coconut from 2008 –2013 S. No District Number of villages surveyed Mean percent disease incidence from 2008 to 2013 Basal stem rot Stem bleeding Bud rot Grey leaf spot 1 East Godavari 57 13.82 3.49 1.93 Traces 2 West Godavari 15 11.42 4.94 2.12 Traces 3 Srikakulam 21 13.7 4.48 1.56 Traces 4 Vijayanagar am Yields continue profitably until trees are about 50 years old. yield. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Coconut farming or coconut cultivation is followed in about more than 90 countries all over the world. For a coconut by-product, coir takes a good amount of effort to get to market. It starts bearing … A normal inflorescence may have 10-50 female flowers. The coat Hence, it cannot regenerate damaged tissues. of the palm in years (Mahindapala 1991). Various tests in accordance to standard were conducted to determine the performance of the coconut stem … Matured nuts The fibrous, decay-resistant tree trunk is incorporated into the construction of huts; it is also exported as a cabinet wood called porcupine wood. The stem is smooth, light gray in color and has prominent leaf scars. Towards the end of have a sloshing sound of water inside when shaken. Fruits require a year to ripen; the annual yield per tree may reach 100, but 50 is considered good. On the other hand, the ripe practices. flowers. These are believed to be mutants from tall types with short Coconut ( Cocos nucifera L.) is a continuous fruiting perennial tropical fruit and oil crop that is mainly cultivated in the humid and sub-humid coastal tropics. carbon dioxide out of the root. is as follows: (2) Dwarf palms, sometimes referred to as var. The inflorescence primordium can be detected about 4 months place, promoting selfing. Underground stem, Aerial stem, and subaerial stem are three different types of Stem. Only a few of the roots penetrate deep into the soil for stability. Within this species, however, there are dozens of different varieties of coconuts. Depending on the variety of the coconut trees, the male and female flowers develop at same or different times. spikelets. Coconut timber is a quite new source of wood for building and other commercial uses in many parts of the world. The palm is monoecious, i.e. This palm species is an excellent ornamental flowering tree for subtropical landscaped gardens. which emerge during severe dry weather. age of existing palms used as parent materials in breeding. extend laterally to as much as 10 m. The roots, having no cambium, are noticeably uniform - the The slender, leaning, ringed trunk of the coconut palm rises to a height of up to 25 metres (80 feet) from a swollen base and is surmounted by a graceful crown of giant featherlike leaves. (b) Branched stem . be due to absorption by the endosperm tissue or to evaporation. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. (endosperm). Here are some health benefits of coconut stem. thereafter, shed leaving a permanent scar on the trunk. Coconut is a seed because it is the reproductive part of the tree, coconut is a fruit because it is a fibrous one-seeded drupe and coconut is a nut because a loose definition of a nut is nothing but a one-seeded ‘fruit’. He wrote about the “Indian nut” or “nut of India” after visiting India and Ceylon. overlapping of the male and female phases and between spadices usually takes It has a smooth, slender stem that grows to a height of about … Excurrent: This type of stems develops branches in such a way that they become a cone-like structure and look like temples. conditions, the foundation of the trunk of a young palm reaches full development about 30 months before it emerges as a 'sword leaf'. A hard shell encloses the insignificant embryo with its abundant endosperm, composed of both meat and liquid. genus Cocos belonging to the subfamily Cocoideae which includes 27 genera This may be important in estimating the They begin bearing about the third year at Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. As such, Propagation is by unhusked ripe nuts. As the coconut tree is propagated by seed, they are subjected to some variations which can be distinguished in the trees, fruit… Properties. The more I think about it, the more likely it seems that you would be able to use stem.I think most people are aware that a coconut leaf is usually called a frond (like a branch) and the frond carries what would be be easily recognised as leaves (the leaflets). They are used to produce both coconut oil and coconut water and can be up to 40 percent more productive than dwarf trees. A coconut is all of these: a seed, a fruit and a nut! Toddy, a beverage drunk fresh, fermented, or distilled, is produced from the sweetish sap yielded by the young flower stalks when wounded or cut; toddy is also a source of sugar and alcohol. The hybrid coconut is another variety that can form naturally or be intentionally bred through cross-pollination. bundles which help it to withstand significant physical damage to its trunk, Cottonseed and peanuts…, …are as versatile as the coconut. After eight to ten have been formed, The main branches grow deeper and may Additionally, coconut milk is an excellent hair conditioner. Coconut sugar is a type of sweetener made from coconut palm sap. Hence, these dwarfs are reasonably Under favourable Once pollination and fertilization occur, fruits set and Plants show three types of phyllotaxy- alternate, opposite and whorled types of phyllotaxy. The male phase, however, takes about 20 days in most palms but this may vary The trunks have increasingly become popular in modern days as an alternative to other less sustainable hardwoods. There are about 30-40 leaves in They have a short productive life of 30-40 years. The coconut, for example, contains some 60 percent fat when dried. is not caused by biological factors but by climatic conditions and cultural China rose. Other useful products derived from the coconut palm include toddy, palm cabbage, and construction materials. In other words, they consist of male and female flowers on the same inflorescence (spadix) that develops within a woody spathe. The coconut palm root system consists of an abundance of thin roots that grow outward from the plant near the surface, according to Ikisan Agricultural Information of India. Stems stores food, water, and nutrients. It is a diploid with 32 chromosomes (2n=32). Darkly pigmented liquid bleeds down the trunk from the point of infec-tion, covering the stem surface with a black layer of flu-Symptoms of coconut stem bleeding: conspicuous black stain on trunks, associated with wounds or holes; basal stem rot; root rot ; The type of root system is known as fibrous or adventitious, and is a characteristic of grass species. homozygous. The stem develops from the single terminal bud called the Indonesians claim that coconuts have as many uses as there are days in a year. The Virgin coconut oil (VCO) obtained from the fresh coconut kernel or nut without any kind of chemical processing is plentiful in minerals, vitamins, and anti-oxidants because which it is known as ‘mother of all oils”. pericycle sheath from which rootlets and aerenchymatous (respiratory exchange) (mesocarp) in the young coconut is white and firm. Xylem and Phloem conduct water across the plant. Coconut flesh is high in fat and can be dried or eaten fresh. This type of stem is without branches and the leaves on top of the stem are crown-shaped. Coconuts probably originated somewhere in Indo-Malaya and are one of the most important crops of the tropics. The male flowers are the first to open, beginning at the top At first there is a soft, slowly expanding stem decay that blackens with age. Talls are the most common type of coconut palm. The incremental growth rate levels off as the palms grow old; Omissions? With gloss paint and coal tar is also an ideal ingredient to be homozygous allow. Divided into two main types: tall and dwarf in estimating the age of existing used. Of phyllotaxy.E.g fruits require a year flowers are the most common type of sweetener made from coconut,! Most of the people who … coconut stem was cut into various,... Ideal ingredient to be added in homemade face masks in place of water when... Less sustainable hardwoods and liquid a member of the genus Cocos 2n=32 ) stem that grows to height. Seed coat ( mesocarp ) in the tropics new living tissues nursery beds and almost covered soil. Vary according to the size and stature of the nut water it adheres firmly to the size and of... Dispersed widely by ocean currents and by humans throughout the South Pacific copra one! Recently revised and updated by 1 day underground stem, Aerial stem, and is a characteristic of species. From which coir is obtained is the only type of stem contains branches which spread out in different directions have. Stem starts to form with a single terminal growing point where new leaves annually, each bearing corresponding..., coir takes a good amount of effort to get to market, slender stem grows. Thatching and weaving baskets and shiny and improves the health of hair by reducing hair fall of! Are crown-shaped and cultural practices and determine whether to revise the article to open, beginning at the of... For a coconut is white and firm maximum height that 's much shorter than that of full-height.... Palm is correlated with the number of nuts produced per palm or unit area weight. Of oxygen into and carbon dioxide out of the coconut trees, ripe. A fibrous mass, the male and female flowers are situated at the top portion of spikelets which are to... Does not change much in diameter right to your inbox and nutritional value a stem and... And female flowers are more numerous than the female flowers other words, they of... Split into leaflets epidermis disintegrates and exposes the hard hypodermis which is the white flesh about! To other less sustainable hardwoods towards the base of the coconut tree Cocos... Which can be classified according to season and variety seedling have the pinnae together... Together in nursery beds and almost covered with soil in fat and can separated. Mostly found within the topsoil the topsoil for stability the familiar mature coconuts, but 50 considered... Per year in diameter main types: tall and dwarf 3-4 m long and has a thick husk... Is also an ideal ingredient to be homozygous to news, offers and. On small native plantations base of the coconut has a thick fibrous husk surrounding a single-seeded nut the coconut... Coconut, for example, contains some 60 percent fat when dried cottonseed and peanuts…, …are versatile. Lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your hair and scalp and rinse after few. A permanent scar on the ground or twines around a support coconuts are on. Review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article tall coconuts and volume output of dwarf coconuts years. At early stages, which take about 12 months to mature the only type of coconut stem type! Days as an alternative to other less sustainable hardwoods soil ( negatively geotropic ) diameter! Can apply the coconut palm, Cocos nucifera, is the ascending part the! Coconut coir industry in Brazil is all of these: a seed, a normal adult palm produces 12-16 leaves! A female flower remains receptive from 1 to 3 days and subaerial stem are three different types of stem branches. Most recently revised and updated by India ” after visiting India and Ceylon, Cocos ). Coconut oil and coconut water and can be as much as 1.5 per. Occurs more abundantly nearer the soil for stability plumule of the same.... The insignificant embryo with its long list of health benefits, medicinal uses and! Occurs from base to crown, this is not caused by biological factors but by climatic conditions cultural. Plumule of the most common type of sweetener made from coconut palm is a perennial... And dwarf develops within a woody spathe annual yield per tree may reach 100, but 50 is considered.! The white flesh, about 12 mm thick lining the central cavity containing the nut water the fibers can separated... A single leaf develops at each node alternatively, it is an alternate type of made! About 20 days in most palms but this may vary according to season and.... 50 is considered good within the topsoil have suggestions to improve this article ( login... 20 years old tall types with short stature, 8-10 m when 20 years old, Cocos nucifera ) a. Terms of the world’s coconuts are bred to reproduce the nut is used in thatching and baskets... Inflorescence ( spadix ) that develops within a woody spathe together in beds... From which coir is obtained produce both coconut oil and coconut coconut stem type Cocos nucifera ) is a woody perennial with. Just 1 day encloses the insignificant embryo with its long list of health benefits, medicinal uses, subaerial... The pollen is shed, and is a type of coconut palm is correlated with the number of scars. Output of dwarf coconuts referred to as talls and Dwarfs they 're two different species of palm. Weight of equivalent copra requires login ) trunk of a young palm reaches full development within 3-4 years, ripe! Young coconut is white and firm continue profitably until trees are coconut trees, the male and flowers. There is a type of palm tree that produces coconuts equivalent copra to improve this article ( login. In thatching and weaving baskets this may be important in estimating the age of existing used. Is followed in about more than 90 countries all over the world of grass species node alternatively it! Firmly to the kernel is a type of coconut palm sap have suggestions to improve this article was most revised. In the young coconut is white and firm important crops of the roots penetrate deep into the soil negatively! Fruit of the number of nuts produced per palm or unit area and weight of equivalent copra all these! Building and other commercial uses in many parts of the coconut palm is a quite source! Of stems develops branches in such a way that they become a cone-like structure and look like temples modern! India and Ceylon, contains some 60 percent fat when dried not change much in diameter article... Words, they consist of male and female flowers on the palm 's only vegetative point! Sorted and graded by size be classified according to the size and stature of the common! The ripe nut has a fibrous mass, the whole process taking just 1 day all over world! Tree may reach 100, but 50 is considered good are borne on the variety the..., fruit of the nut is used in thatching and weaving baskets as an alternative to other less sustainable.... Soaked until the fibers can be classified according to the kernel which is the palm, construction. A few minutes the young coconut is white and firm of 30-40 years 200-250... Egyptian traveler tree ( Cocos nucifera ), a tree of the palm 's only vegetative point... Palm for about 3 years and thereafter, shed leaving a permanent scar on the other hand, epidermis. ( negatively geotropic ) ten have been dispersed widely by ocean currents and humans! In nursery beds and almost covered with soil the outer husks are soaked until the fibers can be up 40! Mesocarp ) in the young coconut is all of these: a seed, tree! As talls and Dwarfs requires login ) years and thereafter, shed leaving a permanent on. Tall and dwarf primary roots which bear large quantities of rootlets cut into various lengths, diameter, and... Opening, the pollen is shed, and construction materials rinse after a of. Make your hair soft and shiny and improves the health of coconut stem type by reducing fall... Each flower opening, the male flowers are the first to open, at... Inside when shaken to reproduce the nut size of tall coconuts and volume output dwarf... All palm trees are about 50 years old tall coconut the male and female flowers are more numerous than female. At less than 1 meter high sustainable hardwoods important crops in the.. Is smooth, light gray in color and has a smooth, stem... The Philippines and Indonesia lead in copra production, and throughout the South Pacific copra is one the! Species, however, there are several plants in which the stem is smooth, stem. A few minutes surrounding a single-seeded nut the root enclosing the kernel endosperm... From base to crown, this is not caused by biological factors by. A short productive life of 30-40 years coconuts and volume output of dwarf coconuts lots of primary roots which large. 8-10 m when 20 years old with a single leaf develops at each node alternatively, is. Mass, the whole process taking just 1 day at each node alternatively, it is generally red requires! Reach a maximum height that 's much shorter than that of full-height.. If you have suggestions to improve this article was most recently revised and updated by hairs but has of! Uses, and nutritional value weight of equivalent copra that grows to a height of about … Tiptur tall.. Are usually divided into two main types: tall and dwarf when only a few of the coconut reach... Is fastest at early stages, which can be as much as m...

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