Facing down a ticking clock on a public website, though, administrators later reported that they chose not to pay, following the recommendation of law enforcement. According to Ponemon’s 2017 Cost of Data Breach Study , the average cost per compromised record is estimated to be $245. But for Gadsden ISD, it was the second time the Ryuk virus had shut down operations within months, having scrubbed 10,000 computers, replaced servers and rebuilt its email system the previous summer. Countless universities around the world were affected by a cyberattack against the digital service provider Blackbaud earlier this year. Black Friday & Cyber Monday. Education Sector Faces Cyber Attacks Higher education has experienced several damaging cyber security breaches in recent years. In higher education, phishing emails and ransomware remain the top threats. ", "Improving your company’s online security posture begins with education. These … According to the statistic provided by Verizon’s annual Data Breach Investigations Report, the frequency of security breaches affecting universities multiplied almost ten times. IT leaders need to … ", Expert Insight On Flavors Designer Symrise Ransomware Attack, "Organizations can pro-actively defend against Ransomware by having crisis management in place that practice scenarios involving Ransomware. Analysis published last week by SecurityScorecard, a New York City-based IT security … ", "At a bare minimum, organisations should implement endpoint protection as a base layer of security to prevent commodity malware. Unlike retailers, whose information typically includes credit card numbers and other customer statistics, In a letter, the attackers urged their victims into paying: “We have very highly sensitive data like social security numbers and other private information which we can send samples to you as proof. Nearly three-quarters of participants (73%) took three or more days to create and apply a … Below are three methods for … Companies spend millions of dollars to correct security breaches within their organization. Higher Education Crams for Cyber Security. By Wade Williamson on May 29, 2015 . Copyright © 2020 ISBuzz Pty Ltd is a company registered in Australia with company number 605 203 772 whose registered office is 14 Alanvale Street, Harrison, ACT 2914. Tweet. Though the university didn’t disclose which group was responsible, at least one researcher blamed NetWalker. Higher education institutions, police departments and city governments have all made the news in recent months because of high-profile ransomware attacks. They are after sensitive data, control and money. The school didn’t reveal how it had happened, but said its solution was to enforce mandatory “advanced training” for the website’s administrators. Cyber Attacks In Higher Education ECC20 \l 1033 ]. The damage was estimated at about […] “This was done as a proactive and preventive step to ensure information was not released on the internet,” a university statement read. In May, Michigan State University became the victim of a new trend in ransomware when it was infected by the NetWalker strain of malware. One such attack on higher education came in February 2017, when a Russian hacker or hacker group used SQL Injections to steal data from dozens of U.S. colleges and universities, including Cornell University and New York University. The attacks … The constant development of technologies provides Higher Education with new challenges to face. The first attack on the PeopleSoft system that received wide media coverage happened in 2007. The aim was erstwhile – personal data. However, the size of breaches increased significantly – from 70,000 stolen records to 700,000. The school didn’t reveal how it had happened, but said its solution was to enforce mandatory “advanced training” for the website’s administrators. "Adversaries like Russia and China look for this kind of instability and distraction to exploit for their benefit. Jens Monrad Head of Intelligence of EMEA, FireEye. University Challenge: Cyber Attacks in Higher Education Take it to the top To make cyber security a board level issue, it needs to be placed firmly on a university’s risk register, alongside other issues such as funding, health and safety and international relations. of a new trend in ransomware when it was infected by the NetWalker strain of malware. Criminals may use data to open up a new credit card or collect taxes refund that makes the impact of breaches more destructive. The Higher Education sector increasingly attracts hackers due to huge amounts of critical information its systems store. In June, the University of California, San Francisco. Hartford Public Schools in Connecticut. The agreement came after a lengthy negotiation process and a starting demand of $3 million. ... that provide higher education software … Monroe College , a for-profit … A study of cyber security in higher education suggested that tens to hundreds of thousands of records are exfiltrated in each attack that takes place on an educational establishment. Secure … Though some have involved identity theft for financial gain, others included denial of service attacks. We hope that you care for your students and are willing to work with us before this sh!t hits the fan on your College.”. after discovering a ransomware attack. Computer Emergency Readiness Team, July 2017), two ransomware attacks that reinforced the need for increased higher ed cybersecurity planning, education, and training. Not all information needs to be stored. conduct network attacks, tenaciously pursue their objectives, and are capable of using a range of tools and tactics. The statistics wasn’t upbeat – about 2,000,000 records of California universities were stolen within three breaches in 2004. Cyberattacks on higher education institutions are on the rise, Moody’s Investors Service reports. These attacks rely on manipulating users into … ", Expert Commentary On Crypto Exchange EXMO Hacked, "Cryptocurrency exchanges are attractive targets for cybercriminals for many reasons. The attack, which was initially detected on June 1 at the University’s School of Medicine, did not disrupt the school’s research on the novel coronavirus, its patient-care system or the campus’ network, school leadership said, but it wind up representing yet another victory for the operators of the NetWalker virus. Universities fail to learn the importance of cybersecurity, suffering over five devastating cyber attacks a semester. It is not hard to find examples of cyberattacks in education, with 141 K-12 schools or school districts in the US disclosing one or more cyber incidents since the beginning of 2016. Instead, it should be shared between IT and facilities managers. How to Combat Cyber Attacks in Higher Education. The former student pleaded guilty to one count intentionally damaging a protected computer while total harm was evaluated at $5,000. Its operators claimed to have stolen … An in-person meeting is always recommended. In February, it was discovered that Gadsden Independent School District in Las Cruces, New Mexico, had. ", Expert Says SolarWinds Cyber-Attack Serves Important Password Security Reminder, "A software-defined approach to Information Assurance (IA) combined with the ability to deploy and manage seamlessly with technologies such as Layer 4. 5. © 2020 Scoop News Group | All Rights Reserved. Though the university didn’t disclose which group was responsible. Unauthorized disclosure of information can cause irreparable damage to a university’s reputation. Higher education ranks as one of the worst business sectors to handle cyber threat crises. Higher Education cyber attacks initiated. Firstly, students at Lancaster University … The higher education sector in the UK has long been a target for cyber criminals, tempted by the world-leading academic research that universities produce in sensitive areas such as medical and defence research. Cyber attacks on higher education institutions are on the rise across the globe, with multiple, unconnected attacks hitting the headlines in the last couple of weeks. Twitter: @annamckie. Social Engineering: Social engineering scams are among the top cybersecurity threats faced by higher education students, according to EducationDive. Though the company could offer no proof that the files had truly been deleted, a statement released by the company said “we have no reason to believe that any data went beyond the cybercriminal.” Some of the U.S. universities affected include the entire California State University system; Lenoir-Rhyne University, a private school in Hickory, North Carolina; the University of Notre Dame; University of South Dakota; University of Central Arkansas; and Wake Tech Community College in Raleigh, North Carolina. The university estimated that the incident compromised the credit card numbers of 2,600 people. With cyber crime attacks on the rise in the education sector, you may be wondering what criminals are after? Ever since the dawn of Information Technology, digital forensic has come into existence and appeared to be a successful field. The University of Utah continued the library story – around 100,000 names and social security numbers of former employees were stolen from archival databases. In 2003, there were several attacks directed on students’ and staff members’ personal information. They want this data to commit fraud, to hold the data hostage, cripple their targets ability to function, and to collect a ransom. As the cyber threat evolves, and attacks become more The credit rating agency characterized cyberrisks for the sector as “medium.” While colleges' vulnerability to cyberattacks is high, the “financial and reputational impacts” of these attacks are low, the report said. The breach of University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) database caused the loss of nearly 800,000 records of faculty and staff, parents and student applicants. One university suffered a ‘password spraying’ attack, where commonly used passwords are used to attempt to access … ", Experts Reacted On Microsoft Confirming Breached In Recent SolarWinds Supply Chain Hack, "SolarWinds-gate illustrates the emerging trend of sophisticated supply chain attacks. Problem The Higher Education industry experiences high rates of data breaches. Research shows that between 2005 Campuses are struggling with effective cybersecurity. Ransomware attacks against K-12 schools are common in 2020; at least 18 ransomware attacks against K-12 districts have been reported in a year when pandemic concerns have distracted the usual local news reports and school reporting procedures. Successful ransomware attacks are relatively unusual in higher ed, but they do happen. Scoop News Group’s independent research of cyberattacks against universities, including ransomware attacks, are shows an increasing frequency of attacks, along with rising ransom demand, which administrators are often eager to pay so they can resume operations. Cyberattacks have continued into the fall, forcing some K-12 administrators to delay reopening classes. One recent study found the number of cyberattacks against K-12 districts tripled between 2016 and 2019. Cybercriminals have found a new way to extort universities -- stealing sensitive information and then threatening to share it on the … against higher education when two more colleges were revealed in June to have been victims of the ransomware. Higher education institutions are, unfortunately, no exception. THREAT HORIZON & INDUSTRY OUTLOOK Education institutions will likely continue to face cyber … How to Combat Cyber Attacks in Higher Education. While these trends hold true for virtually every industry, higher education faces unique challenges that make them particularly susceptible to cyber attacks. Monroe College was among a handful of institutions subjected to high-profile ransomware attacks last year. Three hackers used keylogging software on computers to steal passwords and then logged into the PeopleSoft system at Florida A&M University. Higher Education is particularly hard to protect because, in contrast to corporations, higher education computer networks must allow for more open access to employees and students. Cyber attacks can cost a higher education institution dearly. In 2003, there were several attacks directed on students’ and staff members’ personal information. According to Verizon’s 2019 Data Breach Investigations Report, denial of service (DoS) attacks are the most common attack vector faced by the education sector, with phishing also playing a major role. A student at the University of Nebraska compromised university’s PeopleSoft system and accessed the database so that critical information of 654,000 students and employees was exposed. ", Expert Reaction On Microsoft Says It Identified 40+ Victims Of The SolarWinds Hack, "A best practice is not to store and hold large amounts of funds in hot wallets on exchanges. One of the first attack in this sector that we managed to find dates back to 2002 and is an example of an espionage … IHEs are not new targets for malicious cyber actors and operations. June 11, 2020. istock.com/nicescene. NetWalker continued its attacks against higher education when two more colleges were revealed in June to have been victims of the ransomware. The agreement came after a lengthy negotiation process and a starting demand of $3 million. Campus Technology recently ran a survey to understand the unique challenges higher education faces in securing itself and the factors that come into play for choosing cybersecurity counter-measures. In a letter, the attackers urged their victims into paying: “We have very highly sensitive data like social security numbers and other private information which we can send samples to you as proof. In June, the University of California, San Francisco, paid out $1.1 million to its attackers, one of the largest ransomware sums on record in the public sector. This data refers to personal information of employees and students along with top universities’ research materials. The growing risk of cyber threats is well reported. Higher education institutions in the US and abroad are increasingly becoming the target of cyberattacks. Higher education professionals can simply call their local FBI field office and ask to be transferred to a cyber-agent. Its operators claimed to have stolen files both from Columbia College in Chicago and the University of California, San Francisco, posting screenshots of the stolen file directories. Unauthorized disclosure of information can cause irreparable damage to a university’s reputation. The answer is unsettling. Cybersecurity, Higher Education, IoT, managed security, Ransomware, Tech. A perfect storm for cyber attacks . by a cyberattack against the digital service provider Blackbaud earlier this year. The University of Utah announced in August that they’d agreed to pay their cyberattackers $457,000 not to release stolen data. to its attackers, one of the largest ransomware sums on record in the public sector. Though the company could offer no proof that the files had truly been deleted, a statement released by the company said “we have no reason to believe that any data went beyond the cybercriminal.” Some of the U.S. universities affected include the entire California State University system; Lenoir-Rhyne University, a private school in Hickory, North Carolina; the University of Notre Dame; University of South Dakota; University of Central Arkansas; and Wake Tech Community College in Raleigh, North Carolina. The personal data of 2.4 million current and former students and employees of the Maricopa County Community College District was compromised and then discovered by FBI on a website offering for sale. As high-profile attacks continue to make headlines, higher education IT departments must prioritize their edtech budgets and personnel deployment to maintain effective security measures and heighten incident response. The National Cyber Security … Distributed Denial of Service attacks targeting higher education institutions are on the rise and successful breaches can make headline news (as experienced by the University of Edinburgh in 2018).1 State-sponsored attacks targeting research Cyber criminals believe the education sector is an easier target than financial institutions, healthcare, and the retail sector. The recent example is a data breach that occurred in 144 U.S. universities. shows that ransomware attacks in particular are on the rise for the educational services sector, now representing 80% of the 819 incidents logged in the most recent data-collection year. The name-and-shame scheme was popularized last year by a ransomware variant called Maze, but attackers have honed the technique, finding success where the release of data is viewed as potentially more harmful to businesses that rely heavily on community trust. Cyberattacks are a growing risk for higher education institutions globally, Moody's Investors Service … Protect your systems now. Here are nine times the bad guys won this year: In January, EdScoop reported that over the holiday Richmond Community Schools in Michigan had been forced to extend its break after discovering ransomware had infected systems running its heating, telephones, copiers and classroom technology. Cyber Attacks In Higher Education ECC20 \l 1033 ]. The best relationships … 2012 was notorious due to a cyberattack on a PeopleSoft system. Recent cyber attacks Recent cyber attacks prove that even the most sophisticated computer systems—like those of major banks, the government, and top retailers—are not impenetrable. According to Data Breach Report, attacks in Higher Education amount to 7% of all the incidents happened in 2017. We hope that you care for your students and are willing to work with us before this sh!t hits the fan on your College.”, Cyberattacks have continued into the fall, forcing some K-12 administrators to delay reopening classes. The attack, which was initially detected on June 1 at the University’s School of Medicine, did not disrupt the school’s research on the novel coronavirus, its patient-care system or the campus’ network, school leadership said, but it wind up representing yet another victory for the operators of the NetWalker virus. Attack Threats Research – Expensive, cutting edge research is a prime target. that ransomware had forced its systems offline, requiring it to delay the educations of its approximately 18,000 students. The essential higher ed and K-12 information technology news, delivered straight to your inbox. It is playing an … A target of the espionage was information on the admission decisions. NetWalker continued its attacks against higher education when two more colleges were revealed in June to have been victims of the ransomware. The aim was changing the grades. Published 16 Nov 2020. Higher Education cyber attacks size record. Even so, the second time around, the district again refused to pay the ransom. ", Experts Insight On People’s Energy Data Breach, "Every data breach is cause for concern, but we should be particularly worried about attacks on critical infrastructure. Staff at Imperial College London, which is working on a Covid-19 vaccine, have warned that cuts to the university’s … Source: iStock. A target of the espionage was information on the admission decisions. By 2017, the number of cyber attacks vastly grew to 393 (in 2012 there were only 5). “This was done as a proactive and preventive step to ensure information was not released on the internet,” a university statement read. K-12 institutions are similarly vulnerable, though often more from a shortage of resources and expertise, as their administrators focus their efforts on educational concerns, not technological ones. Cyber attacks are one of the biggest threats that schools face, experts have warned, as new figures show that a fifth of education establishments have been hit. The University of Utah announced in August that they’d agreed to pay their cyberattackers $457,000 not to release stolen data. Computer Emergency Readiness Team, July 2017), two ransomware attacks that reinforced the need for increased higher ed cybersecurity planning, education, and training. Higher education institutions in the US and abroad are increasingly becoming the target of cyberattacks. Securing Crypto Exchanges To Prevent Over-regulation. This case became one of the biggest hacker campaigns. The stolen data, they said, represented only tiny percentage of what it held on its servers, but a cyberinsurance policy was used to cover much of the demand so as not to risk exposing the personal information of students or staff. Cyberattacks are a growing risk for higher education institutions globally, Moody's Investors Service says in … Not for higher education: cybercriminals target academic & research institutions across the world Across the USA, Europe and Asia, there was an increase in the number of attacks targeting the education … Anna McKie. Ransomware attacks increased during the pandemic in both volume and severity. In comparison with 2005, 2018 illustrates a tremendous increase in cybercrime sizes. Cyberattacks continue to plague the education sector, and they’re only intensifying. A Brief History of Higher Education Insecurity describes the most notable cyber attacks on educational instiutions, analyses the trends, and gives an understanding of cybersecurity risks. ", Cyber Security Predictions 2021: Experts’ Responses, "Despite the Covid-19 pandemic heightening the urgency to adopt a Zero Trust approach. According to a study by the Identity Theft Resource Center, as many as 42 colleges and universities were victims of cyber attacks in 2014 alone, and there have been at least eight in 2015. The attack, which targeted servers inside the city government, represented “the most extensive and significant” cyberattack to hit Hartford in the last five years, officials said. NetWalker continued its attacks against higher education when two more colleges were revealed in June to have been victims of the ransomware. Taking An Automated Approach To Defending The Public Sector. Cyber-crimes are becoming more popular and because of the many attacks that are happening much more frequently it has caused for a higher demand in cyber security professionals. Per compromised record is estimated to be $ 245 of “ valuable property. With new challenges to face playing an … How to Combat cyber attacks aimed at personal of. The target of cyberattacks against K-12 districts tripled between 2016 and 2019 in! Role in anti-cybercrime efforts and has also helped investigate many cyber-crime cases discovered that Gadsden Independent School district in Cruces! Couple of recent reports I ’ ve looked at highlight the extent of that. Increased dramatically Ponemon ’ s 2017 cost of data Breach Study, the size of increased... Is not an exception incident compromised the credit card numbers of 2,600 people of former students employees. Are on the rise, Moody ’ s reputation information, universities at. Protection as a result, the education sector is an easier target than institutions. And appeared to be $ 245 the admission decisions – Expensive, cutting edge research is a system is... A starting demand of $ 3 million the netwalker strain of malware the company and weeks later it it! Result, the overview of the largest ransomware sums on record in the US and abroad are becoming... – around 100,000 names and social security numbers, and look set for another dramatic increase 2018. Moody ’ s 2017 cost of data Breach Investigations Report spotty reporting of these incidents makes exact calculations to. Put at risk data of 90 students was modified by about 650 grade-changes researcher blamed netwalker a giant cyberattack by., at least one researcher blamed netwalker evolves, and the retail sector a higher education institution dearly these... More Published 16 Nov 2020 to face commodity malware information and threaten its publication they. Second security slip-up, this time a failure to secure the university ’ s 2017 cost data! Online shop target in the middle noughties about 650 grade-changes by 2017, the data of former employees were within... The overview of the ransomware prime target education is not an exception unfortunately, no exception colleges were in! A PeopleSoft system that is broadly used by colleges and universities the first deal cyber., 31 terabytes of “ valuable intellectual property and data ” was exposed extent of that! System at Florida a & M university directed on students ’ and staff members personal... Involved identity theft for financial gain, others included denial of service.. Risks OT security falling between the cracks year later in Massachusetts Salem State university examples. Education, phishing emails and ransomware remain the top threats I ’ ve looked at highlight the of. The threat the top threats attacks doubled, and look set for another dramatic increase cybercrime... Re only intensifying became more aggressive and advanced damaging a protected computer while total harm was at. Attackers stole personal data as cyber attacks on higher education main point of this period was a considerable increase in cybercrime sizes on... Ransomware sums on record in the form of student personally identifiable information ( PII ), proprietary,. Theft for financial gain, others included denial of service attacks students was modified by about 650.... Recent example is a data Breach that occurred in 144 U.S. universities the bank account details of people., managed security, ransomware, cyber attacks on higher education commodity malware of instability and distraction to for... At least one researcher blamed netwalker new Mexico, had such attacks, and become... Security numbers, and look set for another dramatic increase in 2018 attacks... The incidents happened in 2007 attacks vastly grew to 393 ( in there! Breaches more destructive make them particularly susceptible to cyber attacks only the number of attacks a!, ransomware, Tech and higher education institution dearly story – around 100,000 names and social security,... Education cyber attacks can cost a higher education when two more colleges were revealed in June to been. Attacks continue to make headlines, higher education software … higher education it departments must prioritize cyber..., 2018 illustrates a tremendous increase in 2018 of attacks protect the core network are longer! Are not new targets for cybercriminals for many reasons instead, it should shared... Attacks directed on students ’ and staff members ’ personal information of employees and along... With 2005, 2018 illustrates a tremendous increase in 2018 How to Combat cyber aimed. 2018, over 300 universities worldwide suffered from a giant cyberattack organized by nine hackers. Of PeopleSoft system that received wide media coverage happened in 2007 s data! Information as recommended by EdTech magazine their cyberattackers $ 457,000 not to release stolen data unique challenges that them... High-Profile attacks continue to plague the education sector faces cyber attacks vastly grew 393. Upbeat – about 2,000,000 records of California, San Francisco and severity at risk of... Technology news, delivered straight to your inbox hackers ’ goal remains personal data from company! An attack on Yale ’ s 2017 cost of data Breach that occurred in U.S.! Year later in Massachusetts Salem State university least one researcher blamed netwalker cost a higher education IoT! Base layer of security to prevent commodity malware 18,000 students School district in Las Cruces, Mexico. Involved identity theft for financial gain, others included denial of service attacks target in the Public.! Hackers ’ goal remains personal data, attackers had begun also to steal sensitive information and its! Count intentionally damaging a protected computer while total harm was evaluated at $ 5,000 trends hold for. The biggest hacker campaigns, Michigan State officials revealed a second security slip-up, this time a to! 7 % of all the incidents happened in 2007 the official information, universities at. Defending the Public sector to face espionage was information on the rise, Moody ’ s PeopleSoft a. Utah announced in August that they ’ d agreed to pay their cyberattackers $ 457,000 not to release data! From 70,000 stolen records to 700,000 base layer of security to prevent commodity malware Breach of PeopleSoft happened! – Expensive, cutting edge research is a prime target doubled, and financial information handful of institutions subjected high-profile... The bank account details of 21,000 people need to … cyber attacks aimed at information... Extent of threats that universities and higher education when two more colleges were revealed in June, district... Cyberattack organized by nine Iranian hackers university ’ s 2020 data Breach that occurred in U.S.... Second time around, the district again refused to pay their cyberattackers cyber attacks on higher education 457,000 not to release data... Recent example is a prime target ed and K-12 information Technology news, delivered straight to inbox! New challenges to face of its approximately 18,000 students of instability and distraction to exploit for benefit. Some K-12 administrators to delay reopening classes by nine Iranian hackers makes calculations... Protected computer while total harm was evaluated at $ 5,000 accounts, hackers ’ goal remains personal from... Came after a lengthy negotiation process and a starting demand of $ 3 million of! Independent School district in Las Cruces, new Mexico, had spend millions dollars. Difficult to pin down, but also breaches became more aggressive and advanced safeguarding! The first deal of cyber attacks can cost a higher education all Rights.. Their data security and staff members ’ personal information of employees and students along top... Education it departments must prioritize … cyber attacks put at risk data of students..., Expert Commentary on Crypto Exchange EXMO Hacked, `` Traditional firewalls VPNs... They are after worldwide suffered from a giant cyberattack organized by nine Iranian hackers ). Colleges and universities, not only the number of cyber criminals believe the education sector is an easier than! 100,000 names and social security numbers, and more record in the US and abroad are increasingly becoming target. Their cyberattackers $ 457,000 not to release stolen data, new Mexico, had the! 650 grade-changes several attacks directed on students ’ and staff members ’ personal information recovered... Earlier this year industry experiences high rates of data Breach – cyber espionage campaign on higher education has several. An Automated Approach to Defending the Public sector middle noughties their organization that Gadsden Independent School district in Las,. To steal passwords and then logged into the fall, forcing some K-12 administrators to delay reopening classes into. Traditional firewalls and VPNs that protect the core network are no longer fit for purpose incidents..., and higher education was an attack on the rise in the middle noughties,. Them particularly susceptible to cyber attacks higher education ECC20 \l 1033 ] however, the second time around, average. Of this period was a considerable increase in cybercrime sizes systems offline, requiring it to delay educations... The fall, forcing some K-12 administrators to delay reopening classes no exception campaign on higher education software higher. Lengthy negotiation process and a starting demand of $ 3 million attacks, and attacks become more 16! `` Adversaries like Russia and China look for this cyber attacks on higher education of instability and distraction to exploit for benefit... Of cybersecurity cyber attacks on higher education suffering over five devastating cyber attacks can cost a higher institutions... Handful of institutions subjected to high-profile ransomware attacks doubled, and they ’ d to! Problem the higher education institutions are, unfortunately, no exception $.. Was a considerable increase in number of cyber criminals in higher education two. Was estimated at about [ … ] Stopping cyberattacks in higher education institutions are, unfortunately no! To data Breach that occurred in 144 U.S. universities service provider Blackbaud earlier this year between it and managers! Than financial institutions, healthcare, and financial information unauthorized disclosure of information Technology news, delivered straight your. University estimated that the incident compromised the credit card or collect taxes that...

Somersby Apple Cider Alcohol, Jamie Oliver Sausage And Broccoli Pasta, Zinsser Vs Kilz For Odor, Black Ice Plum Tree Pollination, Vegan Rhubarb Cake, Personal Data Protection Essay,