Even after German reunification in October 1990, the Reichsbahn continued to exist for over three years as the operator of the railroad in eastern Germany, ending finally on 1 January 1994 when the Reichsbahn and the western Deutsche Bundesbahn were merged to form the privatized Deutsche Bahn AG. (historical and pseudohistorical fiction) The Third Reich. LÃ¥t ditt rike komma!, La ditt rike komme, Komme dit rige ('Let your kingdom come' – new versions). ), History of Friedrich II. Thus in the official name of Sweden, Konungariket Sverige, the word rike appears twice. The Third Reich was established by Adolf Hitler in 1933. Reichstag definition, the lower house of the parliament during the period of the Second Reich and the Weimar Republic. Find more German words at wordhippo.com! 450-1100)-language text, Articles containing Old Norse-language text, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles containing Sanskrit-language text, Instances of Lang-sa using second unnamed parameter, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from November 2017, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 21 December 2020, at 15:20. Reich synonyms, Reich pronunciation, Reich translation, English dictionary definition of Reich. "German-French war"). Look up the German to English translation of reichen in the PONS online dictionary. Führer or Heil); while in many contexts Reich is not one of them (Frankreich, France; Römisches Reich, Roman Empire), it can imply German imperialism or strong nationalism if it is used to describe a political or governmental entity. However, Latin, not German, was the formal legal language of the medieval Empire (Imperium Romanum Sacrum), so English-speaking historians are more likely to use Latin imperium than German Reich as a term for this period of German history. Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2020, Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition The Nazis sought to legitimize their power historiographically by portraying their ascendancy to rule as the direct continuation of an ancient German past. The Fourth Reich was first used as a rallying cry in the 1930s by German opponents of the Nazi regime. Rijk is the Dutch and ryk the Afrikaans and Frisian equivalent of the German word Reich. Lasset die Kindlein zu mir kommen, und wehret ihnen nicht; denn solcher ist das Reich Gottes. Frankenreich or Fränkisches Reich is the German name given to the Frankish Kingdom of Charlemagne. "Reich" means empire. "Rike" is also a now-archaic English word cognate with "reich". The three major types of the Germania series are illustrated in the graphic below. [citation needed][clarification needed]. English words for Reich include kingdom, empire, realm, domain and Reich. Reich (/ˈraɪk/;[1] German: [ˈʁaɪç] (listen)) is a German word analogous in meaning to the English word "realm". of Prussia, Vol. Das Reich (English) Origin & history From German Das Reich‎ / Das‎ Reich‎. Ethnic minorities declined since the beginning of the modern age; the Polabs, Sorbs and even the once important Low Germans had to assimilate themselves. The decision not to rename the Reichstag building was taken only after long debate in the Bundestag; even then, it is described officially as Reichstag – Sitz des Bundestages (Reichstag, seat of the Bundestag). See also. [8] Reichskanzlei Berchtesgaden ("Reich Chancellery Berchtesgaden"), another nickname of the regime (named after the eponymous town located in the vicinity of Hitler's mountain residence where he spent much of his time in office) was also banned at the same time, despite the fact that a sub-section of the Chancellery was in fact installed there to serve Hitler's needs.[8]. The Fourth Reich suggests that right-wing extremists are on the brink of power, or have already attained it. The Fourth Reich (German: Viertes Reich) is a hypothetical future Nazi Reich that is the successor to Adolf Hitler's Third Reich (1933–1945). The cognate of the word Reich is used in all the Scandinavian languages with the identical meaning, i.e. Although commonly translated as "German Empire", the word Reich here better translates as "realm" or territorial "reach," in that the ter… For other uses, see, Possible negative connotations in modern use, Limited usage in the railway system of the German Democratic Republic, Greater Germanic Reich of the German Nation, Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Mitteleuropa! The opposite word is inrikes/innenriks/indenrigs, meaning domestic. Reich was used by itself in the common German variant of the Holy Roman Empire, (Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR)). 750-1050)-language text, Articles containing Old English (ca. During and following the Anschluss (annexation) of Austria in 1938, Nazi propaganda also used the political slogan Ein Volk, ein Reich, ein Führer ("One people, one Reich, one leader"), in order to enforce pan-German sentiment. German Reich was the constitutional name for the German nation state that existed from 1871 to 1945. We Asked, You Answered. The term Altes Reich ("old Reich"; cf. See more. Die Hemelse Ryk (the heavenly kingdom, China)), as the sphere under one's control or influence, such as: As in German, the adjective rijk/ryk also means "rich". What Are Other Ways To Wish Someone A Merry Christmas? XVIII. This article is about the German word. The big question remains unanswered. "realm". Reich believed that emotional problems resulted from sexual repression. This ignored the previous 1918–1933 Weimar period, which the Nazis denounced as a historical aberration, contemptuously referring to it as "the System". Americans refer to the "federal" government. The early medieval form of the word, used in the sense "strong", "powerful" or "ruler", appears as an element in many male personal names from the Germanic heroic tradition, such as Richard (strong heart)[10], Dietrich (ruler of the people), Heinrich (ruler of the home)[11], or Friedrich (guardian of the peace). (of XXI. The Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary indicates that in English usage, the term "the Reich" refers to "Germany during the period of Nazi control from 1933 to 1945".[2]. The exact translation of the term "German Empire" would be Deutsches Kaiserreich. The Nazi mythology was that theirs was the third truly German kingdom that had existed in the world. The German word 'reich' means 'empire,' although it can also be translated as "government." The Reich has its potentialities, its formulas not quite dead; but is a sad imbroglio. What does reich mean? If you want to learn Reich in English, you will find the translation here, along with other translations from German to English. Frankenreich came to be used of Western Francia and medieval France after the development of Eastern Francia into the Holy Roman Empire. The advent of national feeling and the movement to create an ethnically German Empire did lead directly to nationalism in 1871. See more. directly into the Nazi state.[9]. The name once referred to the Eastern parts of the Holy Roman Empire. Deutsches Reich remained the official name of Germany until 1945, although these years saw three very different political systems more commonly referred to in English as: "the German Empire" (1871–1918), the Weimar Republic (1919–1933; this term is a post-World War II coinage not used at the time), and Nazi Germany (1933–1945). We hope this will help you in … A protagonist is the main character of a story, or the lead. In the history of Germany specifically, it is used to refer to: The term "Third Reich" was adopted by the Nazis as propaganda to legitimize their government as a successor to the retroactively renamed "First" and "Second" Reichs. Ideal for this state was the Holy Roman Empire; the legend arose that Germany were "un-defeated when unified", especially after the Franco-Prussian War (Deutsch-Französischer Krieg, lit. ). Gaulish rÄ«x, Welsh rhi, both meaning 'king') at an early time.[5]. Both the noun (*rÄ«kijan) and the adjective (*rÄ«kijaz) are derivations based on a Common Germanic *rÄ«ks "ruler, king", reflected in Gothic as reiks, glossing ἄρχων "leader, ruler, chieftain". One example of that: Rudel was a prominent member of the neo-Nazi German Reich Party from 1953 onward. At the beginning of the modern age, some circles redubbed the HRE into the "Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation" (Heiliges Römisches Reich Deutscher Nation), a symptom of the formation of a German nation state as opposed to the multinational state the Empire was throughout its history. the German state, especially during the Nazi period. "Reich" meant something along the lines of "kingdom" or "empire." Reich has thus not been used in official terminology since 1945, though it is still found in the name of the Reichstag building, which since 1999 has housed the German federal parliament, the Bundestag. http://www.theaudiopedia.com What is FOURTH REICH? German: from a short form of a personal name containing the Old High German element rihhi ‘power’, ‘might’. The term "reich" means "kingdom" or "empire," so Third Reich means Third Kingdom. It is spelled rike in Swedish and modern Norwegian and rige in Danish and older Norwegian (before the 1907 spelling reform). Although the term "Third Reich" is still commonly used to refer to the Nazi dictatorship, historians avoid the terms "First Reich" and "Second Reich", which are seldom found outside Nazi propaganda. It was only in the early modern period that deutsch acquired the meaning of an ethnic self-designation. It is probable that the Germanic word was not inherited from pre-Proto-Germanic, but rather loaned from Celtic (i.e. (of XXI. 'rule'. The term Altreich was also used after the Anschluss to denote Germany with its pre-1938 post-World War I borders. The word is also used in "Svea rike", with the current spelling Sverige, the name of Sweden in Swedish. Prag Battle, as happens, had already much chilled the ardor of the Reich! [3], The term derives from the Germanic word meaning "realm" in general, but is typically used in German to designate a kingdom or an empire, especially the Roman Empire. Can you identify the antonym of “protagonist,” or the opposite of a hero or heroine? In 1923 German cultural critic Arthur Moeller van den Bruck published Das Dritte Reich (1923; “The Third Empire,” or “Reich”). Führer (/ ˈ f jʊər ər / FYOOR-ər; German: (), spelled Fuehrer when the umlaut is not available) is a German word meaning "leader" or "guide".As a political title it is associated with the Nazi dictator Adolf Hitler.. Nazi Germany cultivated the Führerprinzip ("leader principle"), and Hitler was generally known as just der Führer ("the Leader").. In 1930s Germany, the Nazi party identified their rule as a Third Reich and, in doing so, gave English speakers around the world a wholly negative connotation to the word. Not being Hitler, thank goodness, I can only answer based upon historical fact. The word has many cognates outside of Germanic and Celtic, notably Latin: rex and Sanskrit: राज, romanized: raj, lit. The German name of France, Frankreich, is a contraction of Frankenreich used in reference to the kingdom of France from the late medieval period. Meaning of German Reich. Der rîche was a title for the Emperor. It is ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *reg-, lit. English words for reich include rich, richly, wealthy, abundant, prosperous, opulent, lavish, fertile, substantial and sumptuous. As seen in this example, the term "Bund" (federation) has replaced "Reich" in the names of various state institutions such as the army ("Bundeswehr"). This marked the transition between Antijudaism, where converted Jews were accepted as full citizens (in theory), to Antisemitism, where Jews were thought to be from a different ethnicity that could never become German. The exception is that during the Cold War, the East German railway incongruously continued to use the name Deutsche Reichsbahn (German Reich Railways), which had been the name of the national railway during the Weimar Republic and the Nazi era. Two regions in Norway that were petty kingdoms before the unification of Norway around 900 AD have retained the word in the names (see Ringerike and Romerike). They adopted the term Drittes Reich ("Third Empire" – usually rendered in English in the partial translation "the Third Reich"), first used in a 1923 book entitled Das Dritte Reich by Arthur Moeller van den Bruck,[7] that counted the medieval Holy Roman Empire (which nominally survived until the 19th century) as the first and the 1871–1918 monarchy as the second, which was then to be followed by a "reinvigorated" third one. This past king who ruled the First Reich had to wade through a sea of blood to achieve his goal of ruling Europe. Information and translations of reich in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Certificates of Reich citizenship were in fact never introduced and all Germans other than Jews were, until 1945, provisionally classed as Reich citizens. The Holy Roman Empire is generally regarded as the first Empire, or ‘Reich'. The First Reich was considered to be the Holy Roman Empire, 962–1806, and the Second Reich the German Empire, 1871–1918, but neither of these terms is part of normal historical terminology. 2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich on Wikipedia : "Emperorrealm”) are used in German to more specifically define an empire ruled by an emperor.[4]. The German noun Reich is derived from Old High German: rÄ«hhi, which together with its cognates in Old English: rÄ«ce, Old Norse: ríki, and Gothic: reiki is from a Common Germanic *rÄ«kijan. Before that, the German question ruptured this "German unity" after the 1848 Revolution before it was achieved, however; Austria-Hungary as a multinational state could not become part of the new "German empire", and nationality conflicts in Prussia with the Prussian Poles arose ("We can never be Germans – Prussians, every time!"). The Reich became understood as deriving its authority and sovereignty entirely from a continuing unitary German "national people", with that authority and sovereignty being exercised at any one time over a unitary German "state territory"with variable boundaries and extent. Important quote from Thomas L. Johnson's answer: "Reich" primarily means "kingdom", and "Reich" is used for the biblical kingdom of god, as in the Lord's prayer. Maps were published, beyond the Rhine, showing large portions of Belgium painted in imperial red, like the rest of the Reich. During the Weimar Republic the term Reich and the prefix Reichs- referred not to the idea of empire but rather to the institutions, officials, affairs etc. In Afrikaans, ryk refers to rulership and area of governance (mostly a kingdom), but in a modern sense the term is used in a much more figurative sense (e.g. The constitution granted the King of Prussia the title of "German Emperor" (Deutscher Kaiser), but this referred to the German nation rather than directly to the state of Germany.[4]. The Second Reich included the German Empire from 1871-1918. The Nazis also spoke of enlarging the then-established Greater German Reich into a "Greater Germanic Reich of the German Nation" (Großgermanisches Reich Deutscher Nation) by gradually annexing all the historically Germanic countries and regions of Europe (Flanders, the Netherlands, Denmark, Norway, Sweden etc.) The term Volk in the medieval period (Middle High German volc) had the primary meaning of "large crowd, army", while the more general sense of "population" or "people" was expressed by diet (adjective dietsch, deutsch "popular, of the people"). The former German state, most often used to refer to the Third Reich, the Nazi regime from 1933 to 1945. (with reference to Germany) empire; realm; nation. Mr. Connolly says it is a “cloak for German ambitions” and that “it could be ghastly”! Dictionary.com Unabridged The Third Reich followed the first two reichs in German history. English Translation of “reich” | The official Collins German-English Dictionary online. Alternatively, it can refer to the current government of Germany that assumed power after World War II, or a nickname for the European Union with a negative connotation or to express German influence in the EU. Ironically, the term actually had a very different meaning. Examples include riksväg and riksvei, names for a national road in Swedish and Norwegian. Learn more about the history and significance of the Third Reich … What does German Reich mean? reich translate: rich, wealthy, abundant, rich, wide, large, rich, richly, lavishly, empire, domain, realm, richly…. Definition of German Reich in the Definitions.net dictionary. Third Reich: Meaning "third regime or empire," the Nazi designation of Germany and its regime from 1933-45. In a political sense in the Netherlands and Belgium the word rijk often connotes a connection with the Kingdom of the Netherlands and Belgium as opposed to the European part of the country or as opposed to provincial or municipal governments; the ministerraad is the executive body of the Netherlands' government and the rijksministerraad that of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, a similar distinction is found in wetten (laws) versus rijkswetten (kingdom laws), or the now-abolished rijkswacht for gendarmerie in Belgium. Beginning with the series of 1902, the inscription was changed to Deutsches Reich. of Prussia, Vol. The Second Reich was the Hohenzollern Germany, from the unification of Germany following the Franco-Prussian War (1870 - 1871) and crowning of Wilhelm I as German Emperor at the Palace of Versailles, with Otto von Bismarck as the first Reichskanzler, to the abdication of Wilhelm II in 1919 following the German defeat in the First World War. Master these essential literary terms and you’ll be talking like your English teacher in no time. of the whole country as opposed to those of one of its constituent federal states (Länder), in the same way that the terms Bund (federation) and Bundes- (federal) are used in Germany today, and comparable to The Crown in Commonwealth countries and The Union in the United States. Over 100,000 English translations of German words and phrases. This name was sometimes used informally for Germany between 1871 and 1918, but it was disliked by the first German Emperor, Wilhelm I, and never became official. It is also present in the names of numerous institutions in all the Scandinavian countries, such as Sveriges Riksbank (commonly known as just Riksbanken), the central bank of Sweden, and Riksrevisionen, the agency responsible for oversight of the state finances in Sweden. The derived prefix "riks-" (Swedish and Norwegian) and "rigs-" (Danish and pre-1907 Norwegian) implies nationwide or under central jurisdiction. Reich Name Meaning German and Jewish (Ashkenazic): nickname for a wealthy or powerful man, from Middle High German rich ‘of noble descent’, ‘powerful’, ‘rich’, German reich ‘rich’. The term Reich was part of the German names for Germany for much of its history. A number of previously neutral words used by the Nazis have later taken on negative connotations in German (e.g. The word is traditionally used for sovereign entities, generally simply means "country" or "nation" (in the sense of a sovereign state) and does not have any special or political connotations. Written at a time when the Weimar Republic was struggling to contain revolutionary forces from both the right and left, Moeller’s treatise espoused … Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012. Reich definition, (with reference to Germany) empire; realm; nation. Historically, the First Reich was the medieval Holy Roman Empire, which lasted until 1806. What does FOURTH REICH mean? It is also used in words such as utrikes (Swedish), utenriks (Norwegian) and udenrigs (Danish), relating to foreign countries and other things from abroad. The term Deutsches Reich (sometimes translated to "German Empire") continued to be used even after the collapse of the German Empire and abolition of the monarchy in 1918. The Lord's Prayer uses the word in the Swedish, Norwegian and Danish versions: Tillkomme ditt rike, Komme ditt rike, Komme dit rige ('Thy kingdom come' – old versions). The EU system has already been called a Trojan horse. A victor splintered and embittered, careening into the Third Reich. Apart from all those ethnic minorities being de facto extinct, even today the era of national feeling is taught in history in German schools as an important stepping-stone on the road to a German nation. There was no emperor, but many Germans had imperialistic ambitions. The regime, which was very similar to the German Third Reich, was never put on trial. Reich definition is - Steve 1936— Stephen Michael Reich American composer. Österreich, the name used for Austria today is composed of "Öster" and "Reich" which literally translated means "Eastern Realm". Frankenreich or Fränkisches Reich is the German name given to the Frankish Kingdom of Charlemagne. In the case of the Hohenzollern Empire (1871–1918), the official name of the country was Deutsches Reich ("German Realm"), because under the Constitution of the German Empire, it was legally a confederation of German states under the permanent presidency of the King of Prussia. It does not imply any particular form of government, but it does imply that the entity is both of a certain size and of a certain standing, like the Scandinavian kingdoms themselves; hence the word might be considered exaggerated for very small states, like a city-state. The unified Germany which arose under Chancellor Otto von Bismarck in 1871 was the first entity that was officially called in German Deutsches Reich. The term reich derives from the German word meaning realm, kingdom, or empire. , on the other hand, has an exact cognate in English rich want to learn Reich in English.! Modern period that deutsch acquired the meaning of an ancient German past blood to his! ) are used in `` Svea rike '' is also used after development! That deutsch acquired the meaning of an ancient German past brink of power, or have already attained.! For 2020 is … their German Citizenship and introduced a new distinction between `` Reich '' meant something the... 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