In the more familiar telling she was seduced by the god Zeus in the form of a bull, who breathed from his mouth a saffron crocus[3] and carried her away to Crete on his back—to be welcomed by Asterion,[28] but according to the more literal, euhemerist version that begins the account of Persian-Hellene confrontations of Herodotus,[29] she was kidnapped by Cretans, who likewise were said to have taken her to Crete. Io, in Greek mythology, daughter of Inachus (the river god of Argos) and the Oceanid Melia. Galileo had a low-powered telescope and could not distinguish Europa from Io until 8th January. She was luckier than Io. Mythology lesson 2 jupiter (zeus) 1. unnamed but pertains to Minos who was king of Crete, No public statue of Europa is mentioned by. The name of Europa is mentioned in many contexts, most of which deal with the divine union between a young girl and Zeus. Io was the princess of Argos, who Zeus fell in love with. Europa is the namesake of Europa, daughter of the king of Tyre, a Phoenician noblewoman in Greek mythology. Barry (1999) adduces the word Ereb on an Assyrian stele with the meaning of "night", "[the country of] sunset", in opposition to Asu "[the country of] sunrise", i.e. Io. Zeus took that opportunity and ran to the sea and swam, with her on his back, to the island of Crete. Her tale is also mentioned in Nathaniel Hawthorne's Tanglewood Tales. However, it may have been found on 7th January. As a name for a part of the known world, it is first used in the 6th century BC by Anaximander and Hecataeus. She came down from Mount Olympus and began dispersing the clouds. She is generally said to be the daughter of Agenor, the Phoenician King of Tyre;[14] the Syracusan poet Moschus[15] makes her mother Queen Telephassa ("far-shining") but elsewhere her mother is Argiope ("white-faced"). His variant story may have been an attempt to rationalize the earlier myth; or the present myth may be a garbled version of facts—the abduction of a Phoenician aristocrat—later enunciated without gloss by Herodotus. The moon Io is believed to have been discovered on 7 January, 1610 by Galileo.   Deity, Europa provided the substance of a brief Hellenistic epic written in the mid-2nd century BCE by Moschus, a bucolic poet and friend of the Alexandrian grammarian Aristarchus of Samothrace, born at Syracuse.[33]. Europa is one of the Galilean moons of Jupiter, along with Io, Ganymede and Callisto. It is easy to distinguish the parts told by each, Aeschylus grave […] It is derived from the Greek word Eurōpē (Εὐρώπη) in all Romance languages, Germanic languages, Slavic languages, Baltic languages, Celtic languages, Iranian languages, Uralic languages (Hungarian Európa, Finnish Eurooppa, Estonian Euroopa). Io bore a son, Epaphus, and a daughter, Keroessa, from Zeus. The discovery of Europa and the other moons of Jupiter not only had astronomical but religious implications. By signing up, you'll get thousands of step-by-step solutions to your homework questions. Europa climbs on top of his back, and as soon as she does, Zeus gallops away. That morning, Europa awakens from a strange dream in which two different continents were fighting over her. She is generally said to be the daughter of Agenor, the Phoenician King of Tyre; the Syracusan poet Moschus makes her mother Queen Telephassa ("far-shining") but elsewhere her mother is Argiope ("white-faced"). [4], Greek Εὐρώπη (Eurṓpē) contains the elements εὐρύς (eurus), "wide, broad"[5] and ὤψ/ὠπ-/ὀπτ- (ōps/ōp-/opt-) "eye, face, countenance". While Europa and her helpers were gathering flowers, she saw the bull, caressed his flanks, and eventually got onto his back. Europa was the beautiful daughter of the king of Tyre, Agenor. [8] the Belgian €10 European Expansion coin). However, Hera saw through the ruse and kept her under watch by Argus. In his Mundus Jovialis, published in 1614, Simon Marius claimed to have discovered Io and the other moons of Jupiter in 1609, one week before Galileo's discovery. Other sources, such as the Iliad, claim that she is the daughter of Agenor's son, the "sun-red" Phoenix. [9] The myth of Prometheus and Io shows how the enduring spirit of Prometheus is refigured in the suffering Io. In the middle of the 20th Century observations were made suggesting that the polar regions of Io were red. Yes, you heard it right, even Gods can get bored. Read Io and Zeus from the story Greek Mythology by goddessRhoda (๛ ελληνιδα θεα) with 615 reads. The astronomer Simon Marius named a moon of Jupiter after Io in 1614. Tableau du Titien, milieu du XVIe siècle. It … There were two competing myths[27] relating how Europa came into the Hellenic world, but they agreed that she came to Crete (Kríti), where the sacred bull was paramount. M.A. His mythology and powers are similar, though not identical, ... Io, Europa and Leda (for more details, see below) and with the young Ganymede (although he was mortal Zeus granted him eternal youth and immortality). Dans la mythologie grecque, Io (en grec ancien Ἰώ / Iố) est la fille (ou tout au moins la descendante, d'après le Catalogue des femmes la nommant « fille de Pirene ») du dieu fleuve Inachos, roi d'Argos, et de Mélia (ou d'Iasos et de Leucané). Europa riding Zeus turned into a bull. He seized the opportunity and killed him. This can especially be said of the story of Europa. [2] Another early reference to her is in a fragment of the Hesiodic Catalogue of Women, discovered at Oxyrhynchus. To try to keep Hera from noticing, he covered the world with a thick blanket of clouds. Zeus
As the sky god Zeus had easy access to goddesses and mortal women of the world and took full advantage of it
His power as a supreme god made him difficult to resist
He had 5 marriages before finally marrying his sister, Hera (Juno)
After his final marriage to Hera, the list of affairs is considerable
not be confused with the Cretan Bull that fathered the Minotaur and was captured by Heracles.   Female The Dictionary of Classical Mythology explains that Zeus was enamoured of Europa and decided to seduce or rape her, the two being near-equivalent in Greek myth. "[1], Europa's earliest literary reference is in the Iliad, which is commonly dated to the 8th century BC. The materials for this story are taken from two poets, the Greek Aeschylus and the Roman Ovid, separated from each other by four hundred and fifty years and still more by their gifts and temperaments. Zeus sent Hermes to lull Argus to sleep and steal the cow. Sources differ in details regarding Europa's family, but agree that she is Phoenician, and from a lineage that ultimately descended from Argive princess Io, the mythical nymph beloved of Zeus, who was transformed into a heifer. According to Herodotus' rationalizing approach, Europa was kidnapped by Greeks (probably Cretans) who were seeking to avenge the kidnapping of Io, a princess from Argos. According to mythology, Epaphus later founded the town of Memphis in Egypt, which he named after his wife. [35] Later, under the Roman Empire the name was given to a Thracian province. Having given birth to three sons by Zeus, Europa married a king Asterios, this being also the name of the Minotaur and an epithet of Zeus, likely derived from the name `Aštar.[26]. Mythe. The Abduction of Europa - Noël-Nicolas Coypel III (1690-1734) - PD-art-100, Europa - George Frederic Watts (1817-1904) - PD-art-100, The Rape of Europa - Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640) - PD-art-100. Europa though was not from Crete, for she was actually a born a prince of Tyre, a region now to be found in Lebanon, for she was the daughter of King Agenor, and his wife who was either Telephassa or Argiope. Roman mythology adopted the tale of the Raptus, also known as "The Abduction of Europa" and "The Seduction of Europa", substituting the god Jupiter for Zeus. An Argive princess, she was an ancestor of many kings and heroes such as Perseus, Cadmus, Heracles, Minos, Lynceus, Cepheus, and Danaus. In some accounts, Carnus[19] and Alagonia[20] were added to the list of children of Europa and Zeus. Asia (Anatolia coming equally from Ἀνατολή, "(sun)rise", "east"). An alternative suggestion due to Ernest Klein and Giovanni Semerano (1966) attempted to connect a Semitic term for "west", Akkadian erebu meaning "to go down, set" (in reference to the sun), Phoenician 'ereb "evening; west", which would parallel occident (the resemblance to Erebus, from PIE *h1regʷos, "darkness", is accidental, however). Her name appeared on postage stamps celebrating the Council of Europe, which were first issued in 1956. The European Union has also used Europa as a symbol of pan-Europeanism, notably by naming its web portal after her and depicting her on the Greek €2 coin and on several gold and silver commemorative coins (e.g. Europa in a fresco at Pompeii, contemporary with Ovid. The first use of the term Europenses, to describe peoples of the Christian, western portion of the continent, appeared in the Hispanic Latin Chronicle of 754, sometimes attributed to an author called Isidore Pacensis[37] in reference to the Battle of Tours fought against Muslim forces. Zeus once saw her on the seashore of Phoenicia playing … Europa velificans, "her fluttering tunic… in the breeze" (mosaic, Zeugma Mosaic Museum), The Rape of Europa by Jean-Baptiste Marie Pierre (1750), The Rape of Europa by Francisco Goya (1772), The Rape of Europa by Félix Vallotton (1908), The Rape of Europa by Valentin Serov (1910). [6] Broad has been an epithet of Earth herself in the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European religion.[7]. The metal europium, a rare-earth element, was named in 1901 after the continent.[38]. Selon une version du mythe, Europe, fille du roi de Tyr, une ville de Phénicie (actuel Liban) fit un rêve8. Zeus took that opportunity and ran to the sea and swam, with her on his back, to the island of Crete. The story of her abduction by Zeus in the form of a bull was a Cretan story; as classicist Károly Kerényi points out, "most of the love-stories concerning Zeus originated from more ancient tales describing his marriages with goddesses. Zeus gave her a necklace made by Hephaestus[3] and three additional gifts: Talos, Laelaps and a javelin that never missed. Il décida d'envoyer ses trois fils Cadmos, Phénix et Cilix ainsi que sa femme à sa recherche. She is remembered in De Mulieribus Claris, a collection of biographies of historical and mythological women by the Florentine author Giovanni Boccaccio, composed in 1361–62. In Metamorphoses Book II, the poet Ovid wrote the following depiction of Jupiter's seduction: His picturesque details belong to anecdote and fable: in all the depictions, whether she straddles the bull, as in archaic vase-paintings or the ruined metope fragment from Sikyon, or sits gracefully sidesaddle as in a mosaic from North Africa, there is no trace of fear. [17] It is generally agreed that she had two brothers, Cadmus, who brought the alphabet to mainland Greece, and Cilix who gave his name to Cilicia in Asia Minor, with the author of Bibliotheke including Phoenix as a third. Io ( was, in Greek mythology, one of the mortal lovers of Zeus. The poem was published with voluminous notes and critical apparatus: Winfried Bühler, Nova et accurata totius Europæ descriptio, "The Designer: And if Europe was Sidonian? [16] Other sources, such as the Iliad, claim that she is the daughter of Agenor's son, the "sun-red" Phoenix. According to the legend, Europa was the epitome of feminine beauty on Earth. However, as soon as Hera saw that, she immediately became suspicious. Even though Phineus was called the son of Agenor according to Apollodorus, his mother may be different because only three sons (Cadmus, Phoenix and Cilix) were born to Agenor and Telephassa. Many myths render Hera as jealous of his amorous conquests and a consistent enemy of Zeus' mistresses and their children by him. As the two suffering beings meet on the craggy rock, they share a common injustice and pain. La plus célèbre des Europes n'est pas celle que mentionne Hésiode (La Théogonie, 357) comme étant l'une des filles d'Océan et de Thétys, mais cette mortelle présentée dans L'Iliade (XIV, 321-323) comme la fille de Phénix, bien que la tradition s'accorde plutôt à voir en elle la sœur de ce dernier et donc la fille d'Agénor — lui-même fils de Libye et de Poséidon — et de Téléphassa. She had an affair with Zeus, which Hera never learned about and therefore, never tried to pursue Europa to punish her. ", A metope from Sicily, carved with Europa, c. 550 – 540 BCE, Warburg Institute Iconographic Database (ca 250 images of Europa), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Europa_(consort_of_Zeus)&oldid=995779949, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the New International Encyclopedia, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Other Greek Myths Io and Zeus He then revealed his true identity, and Eur… Apollodorus, The Library of Greek Mythology (Oxford World's Classics), translated by Robin Hard, Oxford University Press, 1999. The name Europe, as a geographical term, was used by Ancient Greek geographers such as Strabo to refer to part of Thrace below the Balkan mountains. Elle a une sœur, Mycène, et un fils, Épaphos, par lequel elle est l'ancêtre des Danaïdes. [25] He transformed himself into a tame white bull and mixed in with her father's herds. Thus, Europa is first used in a geographic context in the Homeric Hymn to Delian Apollo, in reference to the western shore of the Aegean Sea. In Greek mythology, Europa (/jʊəˈroʊpə, jə-/; Ancient Greek: Εὐρώπη, Eurṓpē, Attic Greek pronunciation: [eu̯.rɔ̌ː.pɛː]) was the mother of King Minos of Crete, a Phoenician princess of Argive origin, after whom the continent Europe is named. With the pass… The smallest of Jupiter's Galilean moons was named after Europa. [14][18] In Crete she married Asterion also rendered Asterius and became mother (or step-mother) of his daughter Crete. She goes down to the ocean with her friends to bathe and pick flowers, and Zeus arrives disguised as a magnificent bull. The invention of the telescope revealed that the planet Jupiter, clearly visible to the naked eye and known to humanity since prehistoric times, has an attendant family of moons. The following day, 8 January 1610 (used as the discovery date for Europa by the IAU), Io and Europa were seen for the first time as separate bodies during Galileo's observations of the Jupiter system. Often Europa steadies herself by touching one of the bull's horns, acquiescing. Un jour, Europe cueillait des fleurs dans une prairie située au bord de la mer avec ses amies, les nymphes. Europa … Le jour même, Zeus la rencontra sur une plage de Sidon, se métamorphosa en taureau blanc, afin de l'approcher sans l'apeurer et échapper à la jalo… These were named for male and female lovers of the god and other mythological persons associated with him. Keroessa mated with sea god Poseidon and gave birth to a son, Byzas, who would later found the … In the territory of Phoenician Sidon, Lucian of Samosata (2nd century AD) was informed that the temple of Astarte, whom Lucian equated with the moon goddess, was sacred to Europa: The paradox, as it seemed to Lucian, would be solved if Europa is Astarte in her guise as the full, "broad-faced" moon. The second series of euro banknotes is known as the Europa Series and bears her likeness in the watermark and hologram. The discovery of the Galilean moons led to the understanding tha… Of course the name of Europa would live on, for the continent of Europe would be named after the Queen of Crete, and of course many stories that connected to Europa continued. He transformed himself into a tame white bull and mixed in with her father's herds. While Europa and her helpers were gathering flowers, she saw the bull, caressed his flanks, and eventually got onto his back. Zeus (Jupiter)
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