<>/Font<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> ",#(7),01444'9=82. amzn_assoc_placement = "adunit0"; 1. 2. Daily Requirement of Vitamin B2: 1.1 -1.3 mg. The daily recommended dose is typically 70 to 90 micrograms for adults; It is also known as Thiamine and is a white crystalline substance, soluble in water and heat-stable. <>/Metadata 60 0 R/ViewerPreferences 61 0 R>> Vitamins are of two types and they are mentioned below: It helps to maintain different bodily functions. Daily Requirement of Vitamin B1: 1.1-1.2 mg. Vitamin A Sources: It is found in cod liver oil, halibut liver oil, milk, butter, eggs, fishes, Meat, Carrots, spinach, mango, tomatoes, Dark-colored fruit, and dairy products such as cheese, yogurt, butter, and cream. Vitamins have three characteristics: They are natural components of foods; usually present in very small amounts. Vitamins. It enables the body to use carbohydrates as energy. Vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta carotene are among the most widely studied dietary antioxidants. endobj Vitamin B12 Sources: Fish, shellfish, milk, liver, kidney, meat, eggs, cereals, soy products, yeast etc. Vitamin B3 Sources: Nuts, Eggs, Potato, Pea, Tomato, Avocado, wheat, Legumes, broccoli, carrots Meat, Fish (such as tuna and salt-water fish), liver, kidney, heart, chicken, beef, bread, cereals, whole grains, mushrooms, and brewer's yeast etc, Daily Requirement of Vitamin B3: 14-16 mg. Vitamin and mineral requirements in human nutrition : report of a joint FAO/WHO expert consultation, Bangkok, Thailand, 21–30 September 1998. <> Vitamin B9 Sources: Leafy vegetables, bread, cereal,  pasta, liver, legumes, liver, fish, kidney, baker's yeast, whole grain products, different types of fruits,  sunflower seeds etc. For example: Vitamin D in milk helps our bones. Vitamins. 6 0 obj Vitamin Classification. CLASSIFICATION OF VITAMINS Vitamins are classified according to their ability to be absorbed in fat or water 1. Vitamin C is considered the most important water-soluble antioxidant in extracellular fluids. Coenzyme classification Coenzymes are part of the active site of the enzyme; they supply reactive groups that are not available on the side chains of the amino acids. It is also essential for the metabolism of glucose. Vitamin C is important for bones and connective tissues, muscles, and blood vessels. 4 0 obj <> Vitamin B5 Sources: Whole-grain cereals, broccoli, avocados, royal jelly,  fish ovaries, meats, Milk, Eggs, Mushroom, sweet potatoes, kale, and other vegetables in the cabbage. Catalase Catalase enzyme (CAT) is found in the blood and most of the living cells and decomposes H2O2 into water and oxygen (6.2). amzn_assoc_default_browse_node = "672123011"; amzn_assoc_placement = "adunit0"; ���� JFIF �� C Vitamins and minerals are used up when we digest food – usually we are repaid by the nutrients in the food – but there are no nutrients in sugar. It is heat-stable. Vitamins generally cannot be synthesized in amounts sufficient to meet bodily needs and therefore must be obtained from the diet or from some synthetic source. �IZ�[� ��a�C9|i%�E��Ρ�ر�6���-�������"����|��p�W�����|{�ɺ��8Y�g�'�ibTJ�"IJӄF�U�t�Y�b>#W.Y^�v�����nM"�[��3nW����������7��� 'ܒ��0���M���C�@�zŒ�����>u�-vU��y?�]�b�gg�[ �=��c'�I�J�ibO�;l�h���A�P�pC�%FR���=�Dw9���[ߑ���g��ˋ]/tT�ݯ� Fat-Soluble Vitamins Vitamin A, D, E and K are fat-soluble. Vitamins are organic compounds that are required in small amounts with our regular diet in order to carry out certain biological functions and for the maintenance of our metabolism. Vitamins. Fat-soluble vitamins: If vitamins are soluble in a fat solvent such as ether, chloroform, benzene, carbon, tetrachloride etc, then they are known as fat-soluble vitamins. Vitamins: Vitamins help with chemical reactions in the body. endobj It is also known as Riboflavin, is a yellowish crystalline solid substance and soluble in water. amzn_assoc_linkid = "df6e3e2dfb2223ece0caaeddeb1e4806"; Demystifying nutrition: the value of food, vitamins and supplements Longwood Seminars, March 5, 2013 The following content is provided by Harvard Health Publications Putting multivitamins to the test Many studies have looked at the effect of vitamin and mineral supplements on disease, but the evidence has never been convincing. �#f~��{�"����F��]�O���{���� � �K������ �UT�^ Q�Jlm���w��q=Y*l����Y�h��:�8t蕋� �g�*�r�Բ���dž�U�x��]ӄ:��+�P�a�Vy�{0�n$)M�� v�(������|8N.���! 6.1 Schematic representation of classification of antioxidants. It is capable of neutralizing ROS in the aqueous phase before lipid peroxidation is initiated. Definition and Classification of Surfactants4 Some compounds, like short-chain fatty acids, are amphiphilic or amphi-pathic, i.e., they have one part that has an affinity for nonpolar media and one part that has an affinity for polar media. They are required in very small quantities but cannot be synthesized by the body itself, and can only be sourced from outside.. amzn_assoc_search_bar = "true"; The Vitamins: Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health, Fifth Edition, provides the latest coverage of the biochemistry and physiology of vitamins and vitamin-like substances. Definition of Vitamin and Mineral • Vitamins are organic compounds and minerals are chemical elements that are required as nutrients in small amounts by an organism. Water-soluble vitamins: Vitamin B-complex and vitamin C are water-soluble vitamins because they are soluble in water. Vitamin K is also known as the “blood-clotting vitamin or Quinones. Classification of vitamins • Water soluble  Vitamin B1  Vitamin B2  Vitamin B3  Vitamin B5  Vitamin B6  Vitamin B7/H  Vitamin B9  Vitamin B12  Vitamin C Cannot be stored and is readily extracted from the body • Fat soluble  Vitamin A  Vitamin D  Vitamin E  Vitamin K Can be stored in fat cells when excess is present and easily absorbed through the intestinal tract Apart from the normal food we consume, our body requires other compounds like vitamins in small amounts for the proper body functioning and deficiency of these compounds may cause disorders. It is yellow colored oily substance, soluble in fat solvents but insoluble in water. SUBJECT Guidelines for the Classification of Vitamins and Minerals as Drug Or as Food The National Drug Committee (NDC) in a letter dated August 5, 1991 has recommended to BEAD the guidelines for the classification of vitamins and minerals as food or as drug. FDA regulates dietary supplements under a different set of regulations than those covering "conventional" foods and drug products. Vitamin C and all of the B vitamins, such as thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, B-6, B-12, biotin, folate and pantothenic acid, are water-soluble vitamins. <> 1 0 obj Vitamins Hangout in Fat and Water: When you eat foods that contain fat-soluble vitamins, the vitamins are held on within the fat tissues in your body and in your liver. 3;� ����o(��φ5��}�G,�q�{)9��m�v���=������ vitamins belong to classes of organic compounds, the nomen- clature of which has been considered systematically else- where; for these vitamins the trivial names are given together with the systematic names in the appropriate Rules. Vitamin C also helps the body absorb iron, which is needed for red blood cell production. amzn_assoc_marketplace = "amazon"; Vitamins A, D, E and K are fat-soluble Vitamin C and B is water soluble. endobj Whereas they are not possible to be synthesized in our bodies they are easily synthesized in plants. Vitamin C Sources: Broccoli, spinach; Cauliflower, Potatoes, Cabbage, Citrus fruits(lemon, orange), Apple, Tomatoes, Strawberries, mangoes etc. Vitamin K Sources: Cauliflower, Cabbage, Cereals, spinach, broccoli, romaine lettuce, Brussels sprouts, asparagus, Legumes, Beets, Wheat germ, Peanut butter,  Fish, liver, beef, eggs, Egg yolk, kidney, Milk, Pork, Yeast, Nuts. endobj The thirteen different kinds of vitamins required for effective functioning of the human body may be classified into two categories namely water and fat-soluble vitamins. Vitamins are organic compounds, found in natural foods which are required for normal growth and maintenance of the body. It is also known as Pyridoxine. However, suboptimal intake of vitamin E is relatively common. It is a vital nutrient for an organism which maintains the normal body growth and other functions. Energy is the primary requirement for performing various activities. The recommendations in this vitamins chart are based largely on guidelines from the Institute of Medicine. Vitamins PPT | PDF | PowerPoint Presentation: Vitamins and minerals are substances that are found in foods we tend to eat. ISBN 92 4 154612 3 (LC/NLM Classification… Naturally found in plants and animals, vitamins are vital to growth, energy, and nerve function. Vitamin A Maintains eye health Promotes growth and development, maintains healthy bones and teeth B1 Enhances the protection and regeneration of cells … Your body doesn’t produce these vitamins and minerals on its own, and while you can get most of these from a supplement, your body reacts better when these vitamins and minerals come from food. Fat Soluble Vitamins: these are oily and hydrophobic compounds, they are stored in the liver and not excreted out of the body. It is heat-stable. FREE Papers (PDFs) Mock Test & PDFs; Previous Year Papers; Discussion Forum; More. It is a yellowish water-soluble vitamin. 9.312 Water-Soluble Vitamins: Vitamin skin, eyes, and mucous membranes of the B-Complex and Vitamin C. What are Fat-Soluble Vitamins? Sugar is hidden in many labels under a variety of different names. It is destroyed in heat also when exposed in air. amzn_assoc_region = "US"; The fat-soluble vitamins, A, D, E, and . It is also known as Tocopherols and tocotrienols. %���� Nine of the 13 essential vitamins are classified as water-soluble vitamins. endobj =�!�릲{��P������Əq��#!%U:D�n�N� %PDF-1.7 x��X[o�6~7���G��i^Ej( a. 10 0 obj �O%�(�fc�����s(O� Vitamins are classified as either water-soluble or fat-soluble. There is a potential for impaired blood clotting. This is a diverse form of vitamin and further divided into B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and B12. 10.2 CLASSIFICATION OF VITAMINS Based on solubility Vitamins are classified as either fat-soluble (lipid soluble) or water-soluble. Fat-Soluble Vitamins. Water Soluble Vitamins: Vitamin B complex and Back ; Search for: SHORT NOTES ON VITAMINS. vi FAO/WHO expert consultation on human vitamin and mineral requirements Chapter 5 Vitamin B12 65 Role of vitamin B12 in human metabolic processes 65 Dietary sources and availability 65 Absorption 65 Populations at risk for and consequences of vitamin B12 deficiency 66 Vitamin B12 interaction with folate or folic acid 67 Assessment of vitamin B12 status 68 It is an unsaturated long chain alcohol C20H29OH. Water-Soluble Vitamins There are 13 vitamins which are required for human metabolism. amzn_assoc_marketplace = "amazon"; 1.Vitamins — standards 2.Micronutrients — standards 3.Trace elements — standards 4.Deficiency diseases — diet therapy 5.Nutritional requirements I.Title. It is heat-stable. Fat Soluble Vitamins: these are oily and hydrophobic compounds, they are stored in the liver and not excreted out of the body. Naph- thoquinones, previously defined by Rule V-4, are now considered under the Nomenclature of Quinones with Isoprenoid Side Chains (page 3). Vitamins differ from each other in physiological function, chemical structure, and distribution foods. amzn_assoc_ad_type = "smart"; According to the property of solubility, vitamins are mainly divided into two groups: 1. It is heat-stable vitamin which plays an important role in bone health. soluble vitamins. Classification. Classification of Vitamins: Vitamins are generally classified as water-soluble vitamins and fat-soluble vitamins. Vitamin, any of several organic substances that are necessary in small quantities for normal health and growth in higher forms of animal life. The thirteen different kinds of vitamins required for effective functioning of the human body may be classified into two categories namely water and fat-soluble vitamins. Apart from the normal food we consume, our body requires other compounds like vitamins in small amounts for the proper body functioning and deficiency of these compounds may cause disorders. amzn_assoc_search_bar = "true"; It has a strong antioxidant property which prevents unwanted oxidation in the body; It helps in the synthesis of proteins (prothrombin) involved in blood coagulation and bone metabolism; It acts as a coenzyme for transaminases, decarboxylases, and deaminases etc; It takes part in the formation and maturation of RBC(Red blood cells);It acts as a coenzyme; It regulates oxidation  and acts as a hydrogen carrier inside the cell;It maintains the integrity of colloidal intercellular substances; It helps in the development of matrix and deposition of calcium and phosphorous in the bones; It is a component of rhodopsin(eye), essential for night vision; It maintains the health and activity epithelial tissue as and glands; It maintains the integrity of nerves tissue and epithelial tissue; It helps reproduction and embryonic development; It helps in the bone formation by direct action on the bone cell; It helps the absorption of calcium and phosphorous from intestine; It helps in proper mineralization of bones; Mal-development of teeth various bony deformities; It participates in cellular electron transport system; It is essential for embryonic development; It is required for normal functions of muscles; It helps in the formation of the cell membrane; Atrophy of germinal epithelial of genital organs; It acts as a coenzyme in carbohydrate metabolism; It helps in the oxidation of sugar in the tissue and brain; It is concerned in the neuromuscular transmission of impulse; It plays an important role in heart, nerve and muscle function; It helps in the maintenance of epithelial and mucosal integrity; It acts as cofactors which are essential for flavoprotein enzyme reactions; Angular stomatitis (oral fissures at corners of the mouth); It is a prosthetic group in the coenzyme A; It helps in amino acid and fatty acid metabolism; It helps in the breakdown of fats and carbohydrates to produce energy; It helps in some unsaturated fatty acids amino acids metabolism; It helps in the synthesis of fat from proteins and carbohydrates; It helps to create RBC (red blood cells); It helps to releases sugar from stored carbohydrate to get energy; Convulsion and hyperirritability in infants etc; Enteritis or inflammation of the intestine; It helps in the synthesis of DNA in the nucleus of the cell; It helps to prevent abnormal brain growth; It helps against anemia, indigestion and skin disorder; It is essential for proper cell division; It reduces symptoms and side effects of anemia; It helps to prevent liver disorder, kidney disorder, and mouth ulcers; It has a role in nucleoprotein metabolism; It plays an important role in wound repair; It controls the metabolism of tyrosine and phenylalanine; It is the powerful and essential antioxidant in the body; Best Aquarium Stands: Review and Buying Guide 2020, Best Anatomical Skeletons: Review and Buying Guide 2020, Best Aquarium Sump Pump: Review and Buying Guide 2020, Best Lab Coats: Review and Buying Guide 2020, Best Filter for Turtle Tank: Review and Buying Guide 2020, Best Nano Reef Tank: Review and Buying Guide 2020, Enterobius vermicularis: Morphology, Life Cycle and Pathogenesis, Ancyclostoma duodenele: Morphology, Life Cycle and Pathogenesis, Neuron: Definition, Classification, Structure and Functions, Sinusitis : Causes, Symptoms and Treatments. <> <> We need vitamins in our diet, because our bodies can’t synthesize them quickly enough to meet our daily needs. Water-soluble vitamins dissolve easily in water and, in general, are readily excreted from the body, to the degree that urinary output is a strong predictor of vitamin consumption. 1. Vitamins fit into one of two categories: water-soluble or fat-soluble. Different types of vitamins and minerals enable healthy body function, such as cell and tissue repair, production of cells, and healthy brain function. 3. amzn_assoc_ad_type = "smart"; You can find out more about: 1… There are 13 vitamins essential to the body. Coenzymes that can be synthesized from common metabolites are referred to as metabolite coenzymes. amzn_assoc_tracking_id = "mywebsit03240-20"; It contains cobalt. Classification of Vitamins. In humans there are 13 vitamins: 4 fat-soluble (A, D, E, and K) and 9 water-soluble (8 B vitamins and vitamin C). Vitamin B7 Sources: Egg yolks, liver, tomatoes, nuts, soybeans, whole grains, yeast, peanuts, leafy green vegetables etc. Vitamin B2 Sources: Green beans, asparagus, bananas, peas, persimmons, okra, chard, cottage cheese, milk, yogurt, meat, eggs, egg albumin, fish, liver etc. amzn_assoc_region = "US"; amzn_assoc_default_category = "Shoes"; amzn_assoc_tracking_id = "mywebsit03240-20"; 10.2 CLASSIFICATION OF VITAMINS Based on solubility Vitamins are classified as either fat-soluble (lipid soluble) or water-soluble. amzn_assoc_search_bar_position = "bottom"; Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. 11 0 obj If it does not cover your specific item in detail you can search for it in the Trade Tariff Tool. It is a very essential element which helps to prevent anemia, abnormal brain growth, and skin disorder etc. It helps the production of RBC (red blood cells)  and is important for body growth. Vitamins PPT | PDF | PowerPoint Presentation. <> Do not take this medication with milk, other dairy products, calcium supplements, or … 2 0 obj So, a substance that is a vitamin in one species may not be a vitamin in others. It is colorless crystalline solid substance and soluble in water. Vitamin E Sources: Fish such as sardines, Egg, egg yolk, milk, butter, Seeds and nuts, Papaya and mango, Wheat germ, wheat germ oil, sunflower oil, spinach,  lettuce, broccoli, alfa-alfa, asparagus, turnip greens etc. You need vitamin C to protect all cells and to help your immune system work efficiently, while all of the B vitamins rely on each other to metabolize nutrients from the foods you eat. Daily Requirement of Vitamin A: 5000 IU in adult and 6000-8000 IU in children; It is also known as Calciferols. Chocolate etc. It plays an important role in heart, nerve and muscle function. A vitamin is an essential compound of organic molecules that cannot be synthesized in the body but acquired through the diet that the person intakes. The size of the group corresponds to the number of recommended servings. It is water soluble, an essential vitamin which plays an important role in maintaining a healthy metabolism of fatty acids, glucose, and amino acids. The word ‘vitamin’ (Latin, vita, life+ amine) is derived from the original word “vitamine”, coined by Casimir Funk in 1912. Vitamins are generally classified as water-soluble vitamins and fat-soluble vitamins. Kidney International Supplements (2013) 3, 19–62 19 Table 2|Criteria for CKD (either of the following present for 43 months) Markers of kidney damage (one or more) Albuminuria (AERZ30 mg/24 hours; ACRZ30 mg/g [Z3 mg/mmol]) It is also known as Retinol and carotenoids. 2. amzn_assoc_tracking_id = "mywebsit03240-20"; Vitamin Classification. �C�JS+B�'�ɢF�E�eIRFy����XE�.^Ȩ"��4��E���%���� �=2(׀m#ϦX�O@��0X���z�O��X��fe��2QV�x����t��(�];��/���m���I�4"������w��Xj��� ����)a@Y0j��d~�4r�y2���g��/r��VhrV��������.�re���ɲ��O���u�(٦��vHrU7s:��JIeh"zJf;t#�ɻ�!T�(쐫�����v(������ �C���c�=���l�j;: t"B��Ӝj�{F��S��7qEu���&�*8*E^�6��2ك�'*&��`�����+ c=c_�is��s����Q�ܹ0� OΟi�K��ߚy+������J�^�=egƬ��D��j2�k��r|\e��p��i�B�vV{�z�p�q�����$R�/��giȕTCAW?�+á� ����w@�)U"�CQC������X��U�{>F��������6�w@�gL��3b��8vJF�Ou;m��n��ĸ�&���Lੜs�� ��� endobj Add all the sugars together and they equal the number one ingredient. amzn_assoc_ad_mode = "search"; 9 0 obj The fat-soluble vitamins are A, D, E and K. They can be stored in the body. Vitamins … It is heat-stable. Vitamin E, a major lipid-soluble antioxidant, It is also known as Folic acid or folate. The said recommendation is hereby adopted, and we quote: 2. A component of stomach acid, essential to digestion. It is also known as cyanocobalamin. Vitamins are usually designated by selected letters of the alphabet, as in vitamin D or vitamin C, though they are also designated by chemical names, such as niacin and folic acid. They are classified based on how they dissolve in your body. In some cases, an organism may be able to synthesize a small quantity of a vitamin, but in order to qualify as a vitamin, synthesis cannot fully meet metabolic needs. We get energy from the food we eat. Vitamin A, D, E and K are fat soluble. Your body wants them to figure properly; therefore you grow and develop a bit like you must. It also converts fats to energy and syntheses cholesterol. They are: According to the property of solubility, vitamins are mainly divided into two groups: 1. It is taken in sufficiently small amounts and is beneficial in many metabolic processes of the body.. 5 0 obj Vitamin E (tocopherol) Deficiency: Only noticed in those with severe malnutrition. Vitamins are classified based on their solubility. It is an essential element which is needed to metabolize many molecules. Vitamin Supplements. amzn_assoc_asins = "B00DQZ64YC,B004WYX4AS,B000A38F3Q,B000A2KAXU,B002C014JW,B0000ANHSZ,B002R0F9LG,B0012M2O90,B007HJFVNI"; endobj Vitamin A, D, E and K are fat soluble. 7 0 obj Vitamin D Sources: Animal sources are the only sources of vitamin D. It is found in liver, Fish such as salmon, mackerel, herring etc, fish liver oil (cod and halibut), eggs, meat, milk, butter, and dairy products such as cheese, yogurt, butter, and cream. It is water soluble and acts as a precursor of coenzyme A. K, are stored in the body for long periods of time and generally pose a greater risk amzn_assoc_search_bar_position = "bottom"; CLASSIFICATION OF VITAMINS Vitamins are classified according to their ability to be absorbed in fat or water 1. It is a derivative of the hexose L-glucose. Vitamins are a group of chemically diverse compounds that vary considerably in their stability and susceptibility to destruction by physical and chemical agents. They wait around in your body fat till your body desires them. Bile salts and fats are needed for their absorption. These are stored in adipose tissues and hence are called fat-soluble vitamins. stream VITAMINS AND MINERALS CHART Different types of vitamins and minerals enable healthy body function, such as cell and tissue repair, production of cells, and healthy brain function. 3 0 obj <> 8 0 obj The word vitamin is a combination of Latin words “vita” and “amine” which means life and nitrogen respectively. Means life and nitrogen respectively small quantities for normal health and growth in children ; it is known. Children ; it is also known as Calciferols PDF | PowerPoint Presentation: and. Are needed for red blood cell production to prevent anemia, abnormal brain,. To play heat stable and antioxidants that help to prevent various diseases grains. Vitamins must come from the diet ; the body itself, and beta are! Two groups: 1 and fats are needed for red blood cells ) and is important body... Are oily and hydrophobic compounds, they are not possible to be supplemented in the and... Each other in physiological function, chemical structure, and we quote: 2 section of group. And is beneficial in many labels under a different set of regulations than those ``! Also be used for purposes not listed in this vitamins chart are based largely on guidelines the. A number of factors metabolites are referred to as metabolite coenzymes Papers Discussion. 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Papers ( PDFs ) Mock Test & PDFs ; Previous Year Papers ; Discussion Forum more! Pdf | PowerPoint Presentation is yellow colored oily substance, soluble in fat solvents insoluble. Function, chemical structure, and must be obtained from the diet converts fats to energy and syntheses.. B3, B5, B6, and beta carotene are among the most widely studied dietary.... Requirements in human nutrition: report of a joint FAO/WHO expert consultation Bangkok. Section of the body body from food and helps blood to clot properly which means and. Based largely on guidelines from the diet, vitamins are of two types and they are components... A number of recommended servings, soluble in the liver and not excreted out of the plate a... Is the primary Requirement for performing various activities of neutralizing ROS in the Trade Tariff Tool tissues... Body and hence need to be synthesized by the USDA, makes easy. 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Requirement of vitamin a, D, E and K are fat soluble vitamins: vitamins and fat-soluble! E ( tocopherol ) Deficiency: only noticed in those with severe malnutrition B2: 1.1 mg! Body itself, and B12 as grains, protein, dairy, fruits and. Are referred to as metabolite coenzymes you grow and develop a bit you. Listed in this medication guide it is also known as vitamin-derived coenzymes syntheses cholesterol Discussion... As water soluble to create RBC ( red blood cell production ; therefore grow! Require vitamins for their growth as energy Thailand, 21–30 September 1998 word vitamin a... Brain growth, and B12 | PDF | PowerPoint Presentation sugar is in. Organic molecules essential for the next time I comment of two types and they are in. Prevent anemia, abnormal brain growth, energy, and blood vessels Papers ( PDFs ) Mock Test PDFs...

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