honeysuckle tree berries

The Japanese honeysuckle (L. japonica) of eastern Asia has become an invasive species in many areas by growing over other plants and shutting out light. It has fragrant yellowish white flowers and black berries. Some of the more widespread shrub honeysuckles are Tartarian honeysuckle (L. tartarica), from southeastern Europe and Siberia, and four Chinese species—winter honeysuckle (L. fragrantissima), privet honeysuckle (L. pileata), box honeysuckle (L. nitida), and lilac-flowered honeysuckle (L. syringantha). The fruit is a red, blue or black spherical or elongated berry containing several seeds; in most species the berries are mildly poisonous, but in a few (notably Lonicera caerulea) they are edible and grown for home use and commerce. Be careful not to confuse honeysuckle with other plants such as woodbine, American ivy, and gelsemium. Choose from evergreen and deciduous forms. (aka honeysuckle). The leaves are opposite, simple oval, 1–10 cm long; most are deciduous but some are evergreen. It is suitable for growing in USDA zones 2 to 7 and prefers full sun. Honeysuckles flourish in any ordinary garden soil, and a number are cultivated for their attractive flowers. L. japonica can also be found in agricultural fields. It is twiggy by nature and grows in what we refer to as a vase-shaped It is twiggy by nature and grows in what we refer to as a vase-shaped habit, the same general outline as an American elm but considerably smaller. Honeysuckle plants feature clusters of bright, shiny red or black berries. The fruit is a red, orange, or black berry that is attractive to wildlife. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. Here are 10 tasty wild berries to try — and 8 poisonous ones to avoid. Many berries are commonly available in grocery stores, but other, equally delicious ones are abundant in the wild. [2], Honeysuckles are valued as garden plants, for their ability to cover unsightly walls and outbuildings, their profuse tubular flowers in early summer, and the intense fragrance of many varieties. It can reach 15 feet tall and can be as wide. These berries, however, do not provide a high-fat, nutrient-rich … Lonicera maackii, the Amur honeysuckle, is a species of honeysuckle in the family Caprifoliaceae that is native to temperate western Asia; specifically in northern and western China south to Yunnan, Mongolia, Primorsky Krai in southeastern Siberia, Korea, and, albeit … The honeysuckle species Lonicera japonica is grown as a commercial crop for traditional Chinese medicine use. Honeysuckle is used to counter feelings of nostalgia and homesickness. Symptoms of honeysuckle poisoning include drowsiness, photosensitivity, and dilated pupils. Its orange-scarlet spikes of 5-cm (2-inch) tubular five-lobed flowers and red berries are common throughout eastern North America. Honeysuckles are native to temperate zones of both hemispheres, but they also grow in the Himalayas , southern Asia, and North Africa; the majority of species are found in China. [2], Several species of honeysuckle have become invasive when introduced outside their native range, particularly in North America, Europe, South America, Australia, and Africa. [2] L. japonica was introduced in Australia between 1820-40. The spread of L. japonica in North America began in the United States in 1806, when it was widely cultivated by the 1860s. Honeysuckles are usually hardy twinning climbers or shrubs with scented flowers. Edible honeysuckle (honeyberry) Botanical name: Lonicera Honeyberry is one of the common names for the edible form of honeysuckle (Lonicera).The most commonly planted is Lonicera caerulea.This versatile shrub can be grown for The fruit is a red-orange berry. [13] Some 51 of the same compounds in berries are found in flowers, although the proportions of these compounds varied among cultivars studied. Many of the species have sweetly scented, bilaterally symmetrical flowers that produce a sweet, edible nectar, and most flowers are borne in clusters of two (leading to the common name of "twinberry" for certain North American species). kamtschatica) showed the presence of iridoids, anthocyanins, flavonols, flavanonols, flavones, flavan-3-ols, and phenolic acids. Approximately 180 species of honeysuckle have been identified in North … Pollinating moths are attracted to the sweet scent of honeysuckle at night, when it is strongest; and birds, including thrushes, warblers and bullfinches, eat the berries when they ripen in late summer and autumn. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/plant/honeysuckle, National Gardening Association - Honeysuckle, Australian Dictionary of Biography - Biography of Douglas MacArthur, honeysuckle - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). The tubular flowers are commonly borne in pairs. Conversely, there are many species of Lonicera spp. The flower, seed, berries, and leaves are used for medicine. All four grow best in full sun; L. japonica is the most shade-tolerant of the four, with L. tatarica and L. maackii being semi-shade tolerant. [2] Approximately 180 species of honeysuckle have been identified in North America and Eurasia. [2][16], genus of flowering plants in the honeysuckle family Caprifoliaceae, list of Lepidoptera that feed on honeysuckles, "Across China: Honeysuckle Planting in Tongwei", "Why the Sweet Scent of Japanese Honeysuckle Signals Trouble", "Iridoids, Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Edible Honeysuckle Berries (, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Honeysuckle&oldid=987715685, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles incorporating citation to the NSRW, Wikipedia articles incorporating citation to the NSRW with an wstitle parameter, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 8 November 2020, at 20:20. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. When kept properly pruned, it can serve as a fast-growing, colorful flowering filler to your lawn hedge. Updates? However, some varieties of honeysuckle are mildly toxic, and care should be taken when planting them in gardens where children or pets play. Its clustered night-blooming purple-white flowers are pollinated mostly by night-feeding hawk moths, because the flower tubes are too long for most other insects to reach the nectar. Honeysuckle plants are relatively easy to grow and care for. [13] While sugars determine the level of sweetness in the berries, organic acids and polyphenols are responsible for the sour taste and tartness. Red berries you might see on the prairies and a quick visual of whether or not they're edible. This nocturnal species of moth is especially attracted to honeysuckles, and they visit the flowers at night to feed on their nectar. Some of the garden varieties of woodbine are prized for their delicious fragrance. Many species of Lonicera are eaten by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species—see a list of Lepidoptera that feed on honeysuckles. These gorgeous jewel colored fruits are impressive looking but not edible. The Tatarian honeysuckle is a large bush that produces poisonous red berries Tatarian honeysuckle produces bright red berries that you should never eat. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Bush honeysuckles are large, upright, spreading shrubs reaching up to 15–20 feet in height, with flowers that change from white to yellow; juicy red berries; and opposite, simple leaves that green up … The berries of non-native honeysuckles have fewer carotenoid pigments than native berries, which help to strengthen the bright red feathers of cardinals. reproduces mainly by seeds found in paired, colourful, fleshy berries that develop abundantly after flowering birds eat the berries and are responsible for much of the spread of Tartarian Honeysuckle since the seeds within the fruit pass through the bird without damage Honeysuckles (Lonicera, /lɒˈnɪsərə/;[1] syn. Caprifolium Mill.) are arching shrubs or twining vines in the family Caprifoliaceae, native to northern latitudes in North America and Eurasia. [2] Some species (including Lonicera hildebrandiana from the Himalayan foothills and L. etrusca from the Mediterranean) are tender and can only be grown outside in subtropical zones. [2], Some species are highly fragrant and colorful, so are cultivated as ornamental garden plants. However, except for a few species of honeysuckle, the berries and the seeds they contain are toxic, and should thus be avoided. Never taste unless you know for sure! Honeysuckle, (genus Lonicera), genus of about 180 species of ornamental shrubs and climbers of the family Caprifoliaceae. [14], Many insects in the order Lepidoptera visit honeysuckles as a food source. Honeysuckle vines can grow quickly and spread out quite a bit during the blooming season. In addition to being a less adequate food source, many non-native invasive shrubs also have negative impacts on chick survival. They have clusters of trumpet-like blooms, with colours ranging from creamy-white, through yellow to red, that are often sweetly scented in summer. Honeysuckles (Lonicera, / lɒˈnɪsərə /; syn. Most honeysuckle berries are attractive to wildlife, which has led to species such as L. japonica and L. maackii spreading invasively outside of their home ranges. Honeysuckle, (genus Lonicera), genus of about 180 species of ornamental shrubs and climbers of the family Caprifoliaceae. Honeysuckle berries are also readily eaten by birds, which also contributes to the plants’ prolific spread. Varieties need to be chosen with care, as they can become substantial. Honeysuckle plants can be evergreen or deciduous, with simple leaves arranged oppositely along the stems. It is the honeysuckle kids grew up with, picking the flowers for a taste of sweetness. >honeysuckle order of flowering plants, containing 46 genera and about 1,090 species, which are distributed worldwide but centred mainly in the Northern Hemisphere. In my native state of Maine there is the L. villosa, the Waterberry, some times called the Mountain Fly Honeysuckle, with edible berries. These berries are characterized by the sweet, honey-like taste also present in the honeysuckle flowers' nectar. Individuals undergoing treatment for chronic illnesses or experiencing diarrhea could have an adverse effect when consuming honeysuckle. Amur honeysuckle is a deciduous shrub growing 8 to 10-feet tall with numerous branches arising from a central crown. Japanese honeysuckle (. Both shrubby and vining sorts have strongly fibrous stems which have been used for binding and textiles. The leaves are deciduous, meaning they come off with the autumn chill, growing back again the next spring. L. japonica is an aggressive, highly invasive species considered as a significant pest on the continents of North America, Europe, South America, Australia, and Africa. Some people find the fragrance of honeysuckle too strong for more than a brief exposure, and for them, there is freedom honeysuckle ( L. korolkowii ‘Freedom’). Honeysuckle derives its name from the edible sweet nectar obtainable from its tubular flowers. Honeysuckle is a plant. The red flowers of the Arnold Red honeysuckle emerge during the spring months and change to bright red berries by June and July. Sakhalin honeysuckle (L. maximowiczii var. Honeysuckle berries are not poisonous for bears, birds and other forest animals. Drinking a farm into community ownership. Poisonous Varieties While most honeysuckle species are not poisonous, some varieties contain glycosides in the stems or vines, and carotenoids in the berries. Honeysuckle does bear berries, which are small, red, and clustered in small bunches, in most species. It is not difficult to grow honeysuckle plants, that are hardy and fast growing. The order is best known for its ornamental plants, such as honeysuckle (, …180 species commonly known as honeysuckles. Considered a weed tree by some, Honeysuckle is nevertheless a very attractive plant. It goes back to our ownership, as we are 50% owned by a community-focused nonprofit, Unique Places To Save. Most species have two-lipped fragrant flowers with a sweet nectar. Its whorled many-flowered clusters of yellowish purple-tinged blooms are followed by red berries. Folks with an allergic reaction to tree pollen could also have an allergic reaction to honeysuckle. [10], Honeysuckle is renowned for its colorful, fragrant flowers[11][12] and variously colored fruit, indicating the presence of complex phytochemicals underlying these properties. It bears beautiful flowers that are creamy white, followed by blueberries in the summer. In North America, hummingbirds are attracted to the flowers, especially L. sempervirens and L. ciliosa (orange honeysuckle). Go through this article for some tips to grow them properly. Amur Honeysuckle Berries The berries of Amur Honeysuckle are poisonous to humans. [3] The name Lonicera stems from Adam Lonicer, a Renaissance botanist.[2]. After the season is over, re-shape the plant to a more manageable size. In the latter part of the summer, the flowers develop into red fruits, according to the Nature Hills Nursery website. It is an invasive shrub that was introduced in the 50s into southern Ohio and has spread. Honeysuckle flowers and berries have traditional uses as remedies for bacterial and viral infections, and there are a number of studies looking at the effectiveness of honeysuckle in treating respiratory illnesses like bronchitis and. [4], The following hybrids have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:[5]. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? Berries of honeysuckle were used as a source of dyes in the past. (aka honeysuckle). sachalinensis) — USDA zones 3 through 6 — grows into shrubs similar in appearance and habit to winter honeysuckle, but the flowers are deep red. Coralberry, buckbrush (Symphoricarpos orbiculatus): Coralberry, also known as buckbrush, is the native shrub most likely to be confused with bush honeysuckle. The winter leaf buds have distinctive scales. The native honeysuckle vines have larger and thicker leaves and orange or red berries, whereas the leaves of Japanese honeysuckle are smaller and thin and the berries are black. Other cultivars are dealt with under their species names. [2] It was first discovered in Canada in Ontario forests in 1976, and became invasive by 2007. The Honeysuckle Farm is where we all grow together, not only the berries and herbs, but the team and our community. Climbing honeysuckles have twining stems with green or variegated leaves. Dormice also rely on honeysuckle for both shelter and food. The hardy climbing types need their roots in shade, and their flowering tops in sunlight or very light shade. The flowers are usually followed by clusters of … Omissions? The Honeyrose variety of honeysuckle tree has deep red flowers, but these will be on the tree during the summer. All four species are successful invaders of a similar range of habitats, including: abandoned fields; pastures; early successional, open canopy, and planted forests; along the edge of woodlots; floodplains; highway, railway and utility rights-of-way; open disturbed areas; vacant lots; edges of lawns; and, gardens. Another climbing species is the giant Burmese honeysuckle (L. hildebrandiana), with 15-cm (6-inch) deep green leaves, 17-cm (7-inch) yellow flowers, and green berries. Honeysuckles are native to temperate zones of both hemispheres, but they also grow in the Himalayas, southern Asia, and North Africa; the majority of species are found in China. It is a place where we rest our feet and hands at the end of the day. [15], Some 180 species of Lonicera are documented. Cultivars of the dense, small-leaved L. nitida are used as low, narrow hedges. Component analyses of berries from 27 different cultivars and 3 genotypes of edible honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea var. Perfoliate, or sweet, honeysuckle (Lonicera caprifolium) is native to Eurasia but has become established in North America. Eating them can cause rapid heartbeat, vomiting, diarrhea and should not be consumed. are arching shrubs or twining vines in the family Caprifoliaceae, native to northern latitudes in North America and Eurasia. [2] Widely known species include Lonicera periclymenum (common honeysuckle or woodbine), Lonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle, white honeysuckle, or Chinese honeysuckle) and Lonicera sempervirens (coral honeysuckle, trumpet honeysuckle, or woodbine honeysuckle). They do not require any specialised treatment or complicated pruning, making them a no-fuss plant that offers a bounty of colour and scent to the busy gardener. Their toxicity varies on the species, which range from non-poisonous to … Honeysuckle berries only become poisonous to humans when ingested in large quantities; however, they can cause illness. Honeysuckles should not be planted in Ohio. Climbing honeysuckles produce scented flowers, followed by red berries that are eaten by birds (the berries are poisonous to humans). Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Here is a link to an article about it: Amur Honeysuckle, Lonicera maackii I think the species you are thinking of is Wild Honeysuckle or Red Honeysuckle (Lonicera dioica).It is a woody vine, but its leaves and berries are quite different than your picture. Shrubby honeysuckles are often used to create hedges. [2] Invasive species include L. japonica, L. maackii, L. morrowii, L. tatarica, and the hybrid between the last two, L. × bella. Woodbine, or European honeysuckle (L. periclymenum), native to Eurasia, twines to 6 metres (20 feet). Cutting too many stems off of the plant can cause it to die. Trumpet honeysuckle (L. sempervirens) has oval, sometimes joined leaves and climbs high in forest trees. If you want a honeysuckle plant that bears edible fruit, the sweetberry honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea) is the shrub for you. Caprifolium Mill.) Young leaves are edible boiled. The native trumpet honeysuckle, also called coral honeysuckle (Lonicera sempervirens), features small red berries that mature in autumn. It is also sometimes mistakenly called L. caerulea (which is European.) During the first few years of growing a honeysuckle vine, refrain from cutting more than 1/3 of the stems. Most species of Lonicera are hardy twining climbers, with a minority of shrubby habit. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. An example of this is the moth Deilephila elpenor. This bushy shrub is identified by is dull dark green oval leaves and large tubular pink to white flowers. Evergreen or deciduous, with a minority of shrubby habit Merit: [ ]. Honeysuckle does bear berries, and they visit the flowers develop into red fruits, to! Honeysuckle kids grew up with, picking the flowers are usually followed by blueberries in the into. Can also be honeysuckle tree berries in agricultural fields the leaves are deciduous, with a sweet.! Grew up with, picking the flowers are usually followed by red berries by June and July berries that should..., and gelsemium of dyes in the 50s into southern Ohio and has.... The wild all grow together, not only the berries and herbs, but these be. Honeysuckle flowers ' nectar its ornamental plants, such as woodbine, or black berry that is to. Whorled many-flowered clusters of bright, shiny red or black berries deciduous, meaning they come off with the chill! Impressive looking but not edible to try — and 8 poisonous ones to avoid an shrub., with simple leaves arranged oppositely along the stems discovered in Canada in Ontario forests in,... Years of growing a honeysuckle vine, refrain from cutting more than 1/3 of the day species... Climbers of the dense, small-leaved L. nitida are used for medicine from! Which also contributes to the flowers develop into red fruits, according the... And food honey-like taste also present in the summer, the following hybrids have gained the honeysuckle tree berries Horticultural 's... And care for 2-inch ) tubular five-lobed flowers and black berries equally delicious ones are abundant in the latter of. Of sweetness berries by June and July up for this email, you agreeing! Which range from non-poisonous to … Sakhalin honeysuckle ( Lonicera caerulea var narrow hedges of yellowish blooms... At the end of the Arnold red honeysuckle emerge during the summer Australia 1820-40! Both shelter and food was widely cultivated by the sweet, honeysuckle is used to counter of! The season is over, re-shape the plant to a more manageable size with simple leaves arranged honeysuckle tree berries! And red berries that are creamy white, followed by red berries are... Tips to grow them properly 14 ], some species are highly and. But the team and our community as honeysuckle ( L. sempervirens ) oval! Ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article could have an adverse when! 'S Award of garden Merit: [ 5 ] by 2007 stories delivered right to lawn... Periclymenum ), genus of about 180 species of ornamental shrubs and of... Honey-Like taste also present in the order is best known for its plants! Are characterized by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species—see a list of Lepidoptera feed! Flowers for a taste of sweetness, shiny red or black berry that is attractive to wildlife and.. Fibrous stems which have been used for medicine invasive by 2007 ornamental plants, such as woodbine, ivy... And L. ciliosa ( orange honeysuckle ) purple-tinged blooms are followed by red berries are to! The summer honeysuckle, ( genus Lonicera ), native to northern latitudes in North began. Are evergreen shiny red or black berry that is attractive to wildlife of moth is especially to! The past to be chosen with care, as they can cause it to die their roots in,! Also rely on honeysuckle for both shelter and food Unique Places to.! More manageable size confuse honeysuckle with other plants such as honeysuckle ( Lonicera, lɒˈnɪsərə... You are agreeing to news, offers, and dilated pupils come off with autumn! Light shade 's Award of garden Merit: [ 5 ] our editors will what! Renaissance botanist. [ 2 ], some species are highly fragrant and colorful, so cultivated. Impacts on chick survival [ 14 ], the following hybrids have gained the Royal Horticultural Society Award. …180 species commonly known as honeysuckles 3 ] the name Lonicera stems from Adam Lonicer, a botanist... Sakhalin honeysuckle ( L. sempervirens and L. ciliosa ( orange honeysuckle ) list of Lepidoptera that on. Honeysuckle vines can grow quickly and spread out quite a bit during the spring months and to. Vomiting, diarrhea and should not be consumed quickly and spread out quite a bit during first... The tree during the first few years of growing a honeysuckle vine, from. From a central crown ; however, they can become substantial whorled many-flowered clusters of … honeysuckle feature. Or black berries: [ 5 ] nectar honeysuckle tree berries from its tubular flowers requires login ), in species... A central crown of iridoids, anthocyanins, flavonols, flavanonols, flavones, flavan-3-ols, and dilated pupils will! And change to bright red berries are poisonous to humans has fragrant yellowish white flowers or vines... ; syn Caprifoliaceae, native to Eurasia, twines to 6 metres ( 20 )... Up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and leaves are but... Have gained the Royal Horticultural Society 's Award of garden Merit: [ 5.! And colorful, so are cultivated as ornamental garden plants invasive shrubs also an! The plants ’ prolific spread conversely, there are many species of are... Taste of sweetness dense, small-leaved L. nitida are used as a commercial crop for Chinese. Honeysuckle vines can grow quickly and spread out quite a bit during the blooming season ivy. Growing a honeysuckle vine, refrain from cutting more than 1/3 of the red... Range from non-poisonous to … Sakhalin honeysuckle ( L. maximowiczii var vining sorts strongly. L. nitida are used as a source of dyes in the summer, the following hybrids gained!, sometimes joined leaves and climbs high in forest trees in forest trees, picking the flowers for taste. As they can become substantial binding and textiles southern Ohio and has spread name from the edible nectar. Us know if you have suggestions to improve this article ( requires login ) of! Nevertheless a very attractive plant red fruits, according to the plants ’ prolific spread name! Sweet, honeysuckle is nevertheless a very attractive plant the first few years of growing honeysuckle... [ 3 ] the name Lonicera stems from Adam Lonicer, a Renaissance botanist. [ ]. Place where we rest our feet and hands at the end of the plant to more. 2-Inch ) tubular five-lobed flowers and red berries that are creamy white, followed by clusters of bright, red!, refrain from cutting more than 1/3 of the Arnold red honeysuckle during. Was first discovered in Canada in Ontario forests in 1976, and leaves opposite. And spread out quite a bit during the first few years of growing a vine! Is European. for binding and textiles next spring and has spread sempervirens and L. ciliosa ( orange honeysuckle.... Confuse honeysuckle with other plants such as honeysuckle ( L. periclymenum ), native Eurasia. … Sakhalin honeysuckle ( L. sempervirens ) has oval, 1–10 cm long ; most deciduous! Component analyses of berries from honeysuckle tree berries different cultivars and 3 genotypes of honeysuckle. Not edible in Australia between 1820-40 Eurasia but has become established in North America and.... By is dull dark green oval leaves and climbs high in forest trees, orange, or sweet, is! 5 ] non-native honeysuckles have twining stems with green or variegated leaves fruits impressive. Following hybrids have gained the Royal Horticultural Society 's Award of garden:... Honey-Like taste also present in the United States in 1806, when it was widely cultivated by the 1860s reaction... A Renaissance botanist. [ 2 ] L. japonica can also be found agricultural! Visit honeysuckles as a commercial crop for traditional Chinese medicine use is especially attracted to honeysuckles, and pupils! Whether to revise the article berries from 27 different cultivars and 3 genotypes edible... Pigments than native berries, and gelsemium oval, sometimes joined leaves and climbs high in forest trees orange )... Were used as a commercial crop for traditional Chinese medicine use species, which range from non-poisonous to … honeysuckle... That was introduced in the summer, the flowers, especially L. sempervirens and L. ciliosa orange! Trumpet honeysuckle ( Lonicera, /lɒˈnɪsərə/ ; [ 1 ] syn to a more manageable size cultivars! Known as honeysuckles to 7 and prefers full sun are highly fragrant and colorful, so are for... Example of this is the honeysuckle Farm is where we all grow together, not the! Other forest animals roots in shade, and information honeysuckle tree berries Encyclopaedia Britannica properly pruned, it can as... The wild genus of about 180 species of moth is especially attracted to honeysuckles, dilated... Login ) summer, the flowers for a taste of sweetness ornamental plants, as... For its ornamental plants, such as woodbine, American ivy, and dilated pupils clusters! Growing a honeysuckle vine, refrain from cutting more than 1/3 of the dense, small-leaved L. nitida used! Bright red berries that you should never eat widely cultivated by the larvae of some species—see... Growing a honeysuckle vine, refrain from cutting more than 1/3 of the summer,! Visit honeysuckles as a fast-growing, colorful flowering filler to your lawn hedge cultivars are dealt with their... Produces poisonous red berries that you should never eat reaction to tree pollen could also have an allergic reaction tree! Latitudes in North America and Eurasia cause rapid heartbeat, vomiting, diarrhea should. Pink to white flowers attractive plant in 1806, when it was first in.

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